Analgesic effect of parecoxib combined with ropivacaine in patients undergoing laparoscopic hepatectomy

Table 1 Demographic characteristics of the combined group and control group

Characteristic	Combined group	Control group	t/χ2 value	P-value
Age (yr)	48.958 ± 12.685	50.208 ± 9.86	-0.381	0.705
Gender
Male/Female	10/14	15/9	2.087	0.149
Body weight (kg)	68.368 ± 9.738	64.451 ± 8.652	1.473	0.148
ASA grade			0.543	0.762
I/II/III	4/15/5	6/13/5
Incision length (cm)	8.194 ± 0.415	7.992 ± 0.422	1.674	0.101
Operative time	136.083 ± 11.836	135.833 ± 11.484	0.074	0.941
Intraoperative bleeding volume	81.716 ± 14.737	79.116 ± 14.575	0.615	0.542
Maximum diameter of tumors	12.641 ± 5.075	10.705 ± 4.816	1.356	0.182

ASA: American Society of Anesthesiologists.

Table 2 Visual analogue scale scores at rest and during movement, and cumulative sufentanil in the combined group and control group

Characteristic	0 h	6 h	12 h	24 h	36 h	48 h
VAS score at rest
Combined group	2.421 ± 0.568	2.24 ± 0.394	2.064 ± 0.215	1.984 ± 0.379	1.967 ± 0.152	1.997 ± 0.095
Control group	2.853 ± 0.566	2.619 ± 0.373	2.448 ± 0.24	2.233±0.353	2.398 ± 0.163	1.957 ± 0.108
t	-2.636	-3.427	-5.824	-2.353	-9.456	1.349
P-value	0.011	0.001	< 0.001	0.023	< 0.001	0.184
VAS score during movement
Combined group	3.281 ± 0.451	3.375 ± 0.816	3.359 ± 0.492	3.176 ± 0.461	3.033 ± 0.538	2.967 ± 0.257
Control group	3.715 ± 0.41	3.49 ± 0.695	3.754 ± 0.614	3.764 ± 0.617	3.033 ± 0.61	3.061 ± 0.24
t	-3.491	-2.228	-2.46	-3.738	-0.003	-1.301
P-value	0.001	0.037	0.018	0.001	0.998	0.2
Cumulative sufentanil (μg)
Combined group	-	15.731 ± 2.472	30.315 ± 4.015	44.339 ± 6.361	60.661 ± 3.773	88.13 ± 7.49
Control group	-	15.288 ± 2.072	30.085 ± 5.884	50.408 ± 6.056	70.325 ± 5.423	94.01 ± 8.329
t	-	0.673	0.159	-3.385	-7.166	-2.572
P-value	-	0.504	0.875	0.001	< 0.001	0.013

VAS: Visual analogue scale.

Table 3 Recovery time for enterokinesia, postoperative nausea and vomiting, and hospital stay of the two groups

Characteristic	Combined group	Control group	t	P-value
Recovery time for enterokinesia (d)	2.944 ± 0.896	3.954 ± 0.944	-3.804	< 0.001
PONA			0.3345	0.8460
No PONA	13	11
Nausea without vomiting	6	7
Nausea with vomiting	5	6
Hospital stay (d)	8.625 ± 2.505	11.986 ± 3.908	-3.548	0.001

PONA: Postoperative nausea and vomiting.