Lipoprotein (a) variability is associated with mean follow-up C-reactive protein in patients with coronary artery disease following percutaneous coronary intervention

doi:10.12998/wjcc.v10.i35.12909

Advanced Search

BPG is committed to discovery and dissemination of knowledge

Home / Archive / Volume 10, Issue 35

This Article

Academic Content and Language Evaluation of This Article

CrossCheck and Google Search of This Article

Academic Rules and Norms of This Article

Supplementary Materials of This Article

Citation of this article

Corresponding Author of This Article

Research Domain of This Article

Article-Type of This Article

Open-Access Policy of This Article

Times Cited Counts in Google of This Article

Number of Hits and Downloads for This Article

Total Article Views (3243)

All Articles published online

The chart showing PDF series, WORD series, HTML series, Figures (1-3) series, Tables (1-4) series.

Item

Count

PDF

147

WORD

HTML

1707

Figures (1-3)

427

Tables (1-4)

330

Sum=2635

Publishing Process of This Article

The chart showing Browse series, Download series.

Item

Count

Browse

175

Download

433

Sum=608

Dec 16, 2022 (publication date) through Apr 13, 2025

Times Cited of This Article

Times Cited (3)

Journal Information of This Article

Publication Name

World Journal of Clinical Cases

ISSN

2307-8960

Publisher of This Article

Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

Observational Study

World J Clin Cases. Dec 16, 2022; 10(35): 12909-12919
Published online Dec 16, 2022. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v10.i35.12909

Table 1 Baseline characteristics

		Follow-up lp (a) CV
Parameter	Overall, n = 2712	< 0.22, n = 1388	≥ 0.22, n = 1324	P value
Demographics
Age, yr	64.0 (58.0, 72.0)	64.0 (58.0, 72.0)	64.0 (57.0, 72.0)	0.593
Male, n (%)	1957 (72.2)	982 (70.7)	975 (73.6)	0.102
BMI, kg/m²	24.7 (22.7, 26.1)	24.6 (22.6, 26.1)	24.7 (22.8, 26.2)	0.191
Current smoking, n (%)	710 (26.2)	337 (24.3)	373 (28.2)	0.024^a
Diabetes, n (%)	692 (25.5)	327 (23.6)	365 (27.6)	0.019^a
Hypertension, n (%)	1727 (63.7)	869 (62.6)	858 (64.8)	0.251
Previous PCI, n (%)	172 (6.3)	92 (6.6)	80 (6.0)	0.584
Laboratory measurements
Average TC level, mmol/L	3.67 (3.23, 4.18)	3.67 (3.24, 4.16)	3.67 (3.21, 4.19)	0.737
Average LDL-C level, mmol/L	1.80 (1.50, 2.18)	1.80 (1.49, 2.17)	1.79 (1.50, 2.18)	0.968
Average HDL-C level, mmol/L	1.00 (0.86, 1.18)	1.03 (0.88, 1.20)	0.98 (0.84, 1.15)	< 0.001^a
Average TG level, mmol/L	1.34 (1.04, 1.83)	1.32 (1.02, 1.75)	1.37 (1.06, 1.91)	0.002^a
Average CRP level, mg/L	1.52 (0.80, 2.83)	1.40 (0.72, 2.60)	1.65 (0.87, 3.00)	< 0.001^a
Average WBC level, × 10⁹/L	6.38 (5.51, 7.25)	6.30 (5.46, 7.25)	6.43 (5.55, 7.26)	0.089
Average lp (a) level, mg/dL	14.00 (7.32, 34.90)	16.70 (7.16, 45.81)	12.52 (7.36, 25.48)	< 0.001^a
Lp (a) SD	3.38 (1.61, 7.49)	2.19 (0.95, 5.40)	4.55 (2.61, 9.16)	< 0.001^a
Lp (a) CV	0.22 (0.14, 0.32)	0.14 (0.10, 0.18)	0.32 (0.26, 0.43)	< 0.001^a
Lp (a) VIM	0.17 (0.13, 0.23)	0.13 (0.10, 0.15)	0.24 (0.20, 0.29)	< 0.001^a
Medication, n (%)
Statin	2675 (98.6)	1379 (99.4)	1296 (97.9)	0.002^a
Ezetimibe	451 (16.6)	218 (15.7)	233 (17.6)	0.204
ACEI or ARB	1588 (58.6)	776 (55.9)	812 (61.3)	0.005^a
Beta blocker	1639 (60.4)	823 (59.3)	816 (61.6)	0.228

^aP < 0.05. Data are presented as the median (interquartile range) or numbers (proportions). ACEI: Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor; ARB: Angiotensin receptor antagonist; BMI: Body mass index; CRP: C-reactive protein; CV: Coefficient of variation; HDL-C: High-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C: Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; Lp (a): indicates lipoprotein (a); PCI: Percutaneous coronary intervention; SD: Standard deviation; TC: Total cholesterol; TG: Triglyceride; VIM: Variability independent of the mean; WBC: White blood cell.

Table 2 Association of lp (a) standard deviation with average C-reactive protein level in linear regression

Parameter	Univariable analysis^b		Multivariable analysis
Parameter	β coefficient (95%CI)	P value	β coefficient (95%CI)	P value
Lp (a) SD	0.020 (0.010, 0.029)	< 0.001	0.023 (0.009, 0.037)	0.001^a
Average lp (a) level, mg/dL	0.002 (0.000, 0.004)	0.059	-0.002 (-0.005, 0.001)	0.183
Age in yr	0.026 (0.020, 0.031)	< 0.001	0.030 (0.025, 0.036)	< 0.001^a
Male	-0.017 (-0.152, 0.119)	0.811
Diabetes	0.312 (0.173, 0.451)	< 0.001	0.201 (0.062, 0.340)	0.005^a
Hypertension	0.314 (0.188, 0.440)	< 0.001	0.133 (0.003, 0.263)	0.045^a
BMI, kg/m²	0.029 (0.009, 0.049)	0.004	0.028 (0.008, 0.048)	0.007^a
Current smoking	0.104 (-0.034, 0.242)	0.139
Average LDL-C level, mmol/L	0.215 (0.117, 0.312)	< 0.001	0.200 (0.098, 0.301)	< 0.001^a
Average WBC count, × 10⁹/L	0.256 (0.207, 0.304)	< 0.001	0.264 (0.216, 0.312)	< 0.001^a
Previous PCI	0.041 (-0.208, 0.291)	0.744
Statin	-0.662 (-1.186, 0.139)	-0.013	-0.706 (-1.229, 0.183)	-0.008^a
Ezetimibe	-0.202 (-0.365, 0.039)	-0.015	-0.334 (-0.497, -0.170)	< 0.001^a

^aP < 0.05.

^bPredictors with P < 0.10 in univariable linear regression analysis were entered into the subsequent multivariable linear regression analysis. BMI: Body mass index; CI: Confidence interval; CRP: C-reactive protein; LDL-C: Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; Lp (a): Lipoprotein (a); PCI: Percutaneous coronary intervention; SD: Standard deviation; WBC: White blood cell.

Table 3 Association of lp (a) coefficient of variation with average C-reactive protein level in linear regression

	Univariable analysis^b		Multivariable analysis
	β coefficient (95%CI)	P value	β coefficient (95%CI)	P value
Lp (a) CV	0.961 (0.588, 1.334)	< 0.001	0.929 (0.554, 1.304)	< 0.001^a
Average lp (a) level, mg/dL	0.002 (0.000, 0.004)	0.059	0.003 (0.001, 0.005)	0.013^a
Age in yr	0.026 (0.020, 0.031)	< 0.001	0.031 (0.025, 0.036)	< 0.001^a
Male	-0.017 (-0.152, 0.119)	0.811
Diabetes	0.312 (0.173, 0.451)	< 0.001	0.201 (0.062, 0.340)	0.005^a
Hypertension	0.314 (0.188, 0.440)	< 0.001	0.123 (-0.007, 0.253)	0.064
BMI, kg/m²	0.029 (0.009, 0.049)	0.004	0.028 (0.008, 0.048)	0.006^a
Current smoking	0.104 (-0.034, 0.242)	0.139
Average LDL-C level, mmol/L	0.215 (0.117, 0.312)	< 0.001	0.200 (0.099, 0.301)	< 0.001^a
Average WBC count, × 10⁹/L	0.256 (0.207, 0.304)	< 0.001	0.261 (0.214, 0.309)	< 0.001^a
Previous PCI	0.041 (-0.208, 0.291)	0.744
Statin	-0.662 (-1.186, 0.139)	-0.013	-0.653 (-1.175, 0.130)	-0.014^a
Ezetimibe	-0.202 (-0.365, 0.039)	-0.015	-0.329 (-0.493, -0.166)	< 0.001^a

^aP < 0.05.

^bPredictors with P < 0.10 in univariable linear regression analysis were entered into the subsequent multivariable linear regression analysis. BMI: Body mass index; CI: Confidence interval; CRP: C-reactive protein; CV: Coefficient of variation; LDL-C: Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; Lp (a): Lipoprotein (a); PCI: Percutaneous coronary intervention; WBC: White blood cell.

Table 4 Association of lp (a) variability independent of the mean with average C-reactive protein level in linear regression

	Univariable analysis^b		Multivariable analysis
	β coefficient (95%CI)	P value	β coefficient (95%CI)	P value
Lp (a) VIM	1.692 (1.026, 2.359)	< 0.001	1.648 (0.977, 2.320)	< 0.001^a
Average lp (a) level, mg/dL	0.002 (0.000, 0.004)	0.059	0.003 (0.001, 0.005)	0.013^a
Age in yr	0.026 (0.020, 0.031)	< 0.001	0.031 (0.025, 0.037)	< 0.001^a
Male	-0.017 (-0.152, 0.119)	0.811
Diabetes	0.312 (0.173, 0.451)	< 0.001	0.201 (0.062, 0.340)	0.005^a
Hypertension	0.314 (0.188, 0.440)	< 0.001	0.124 (-0.006, 0.254)	0.062
BMI, kg/m²	0.029 (0.009, 0.049)	0.004	0.028 (0.008, 0.048)	0.006^a
Current smoking	0.104 (-0.034, 0.242)	0.139
Average LDL-C level, mmol/L	0.215 (0.117, 0.312)	< 0.001	0.200 (0.099, 0.301)	< 0.001^a
Average WBC count, × 10⁹/L	0.256 (0.207, 0.304)	< 0.001	0.261 (0.213, 0.309)	< 0.001^a
Previous PCI	0.041 (-0.208, 0.291)	0.744
Statin	-0.662 (-1.186, 0.139)	-0.013	-0.655 (-1.177, 0.132)	-0.014^a
Ezetimibe	-0.202 (-0.365, 0.039)	-0.015	-0.331 (-0.494, -0.167)	< 0.001^a

^aP < 0.05.

^bPredictors with P < 0.10 in univariable linear regression analysis were entered into the subsequent multivariable linear regression analysis. BMI: Body mass index; CI: Confidence interval; CRP: C-reactive protein; LDL-C: Low density lipoprotein cholesterol; Lp (a): Lipoprotein (a); PCI: Percutaneous coronary intervention; VIM: Variability independent of the mean; WBC: White blood cell.

Citation: Zhang SS, Hu WY, Li YJ, Yu J, Sang S, Alsalman ZM, Xie DQ. Lipoprotein (a) variability is associated with mean follow-up C-reactive protein in patients with coronary artery disease following percutaneous coronary intervention. World J Clin Cases 2022; 10(35): 12909-12919
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/2307-8960/full/v10/i35/12909.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.12998/wjcc.v10.i35.12909