Retrospective Study
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2021. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Clin Cases. Nov 26, 2021; 9(33): 10098-10105
Published online Nov 26, 2021. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v9.i33.10098
Comparison of dental pulp periodontal therapy and conventional simple periodontal therapy as treatment modalities for severe periodontitis
Lu Li, Hong-Jie Chen, Yi Lian, Tuo Wang
Lu Li, Tuo Wang, Department of Stomatology, The Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637000, Sichuan Province, China
Hong-Jie Chen, Department of Stomatology, Wuhou District People's Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China
Yi Lian, Department of Stomatology, Chengdu Children Special Hospital, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China
Author contributions: Wang T designed the research study; Li L performed the research; Chen HJ and Lian Y analyzed the data and wrote the manuscript; all authors have read and approved the final manuscript.
Institutional review board statement: The study was reviewed and approved by the Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College Institutional Review Board.
Informed consent statement: Patients were not required to give informed consent to the study because the analysis used anonymous clinical data that were obtained after each patient agreed to treatment by written consent.
Conflict-of-interest statement: None.
Data sharing statement: No additional data are available.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Tuo Wang, MHSc, Doctor, Department of Stomatology, The Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, No. 1 Maoyuan South Road, Nanchong 637000, Sichuan Province, China. leeandwill@sina.cn
Received: July 6, 2021
Peer-review started: July 6, 2021
First decision: July 26, 2021
Revised: July 28, 2021
Accepted: August 20, 2021
Article in press: August 20, 2021
Published online: November 26, 2021
Abstract
BACKGROUND

Severe periodontitis is a major oral health concern today as it can lead to loss of teeth. Conventional periodontal therapy has numerous pitfalls as it does not address the pulp-periodontal complex in its entirety.

AIM

To investigate the effect of dental pulp periodontal therapy on the levels of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and IL-10 in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) in patients with severe periodontitis.

METHODS

Eighty-six patients with severe periodontitis were randomly divided into a research group (n = 43) and a control group (n = 43). The control group was treated with simple periodontal therapy, and the research group was treated with dental pulp periodontal therapy. The total effective rates of the treatments; periodontal status before and after treatment through the measurement of the periodontal pocket probing depth (PPD), gingival sulcus bleeding index (SBI), mobility (MD), and plaque index (PLI); the levels of inflammatory factors IL-1β and IL-10 in the GCF; and the incidence of complications were calculated for both groups and compared using the Student’s t test and the χ2 test.

RESULTS

The total effective rate of treatment in the study group (93.02%) was higher than that in the control group (76.74%; P < 0.05). While before treatment, there was no significant difference in the PLI, MD, SBI, or PPD between the two groups, the post-treatment values of PLI, MD, SBI, and PPD (4.71 ± 0.16 mm, 0.61 ± 0.09 mm, 0.96 ± 0.17 mm, and 0.76 ± 0.26 mm, respectively) were significantly lower (P < 0.05) in the research group than in the control group (5.35 ± 0.24 mm, 0.93 ± 0.15 mm, 1.35 ± 0.30 mm, and 1.04 ± 0.41 mm, respectively). There was no significant difference in the level of IL-1β or IL-10 in the GCF before treatment between the two groups; after treatment, the IL-1β level in the research group (139.04 ± 15.54 pg/mL) was significantly lower than that in the control group (156.35 ± 18.10 pg/mL), and the level of IL-10 in the research group (7.98 ± 1.01 ug/L) was higher than that in the control group (5.56 ± 0.96 ug/L) (P < 0.05). The incidence of complications in the study group (4.65%) was significantly lower than that of the control group (18.60%; P < 0.05).

CONCLUSION

Endodontic therapy and periodontal treatment for patients with severe periodontitis can effectively reduce the levels of inflammatory factors in the GCF and the inflammatory reaction. In addition, it can improve the periodontal condition and the overall treatment effect, reduce the risk of complications, and ensure the safety of treatment.

Keywords: Severe periodontitis, Dental pulp and periodontal therapy, Interleukin-1β, Interleukin-10

Core Tip: Dental pulp periodontal therapy can effectively avoid the shortcomings of simple periodontal therapy. In this study, the authors investigated the efficacy and safety of this treatment.