Retrospective Study
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2021. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Clin Cases. Sep 26, 2021; 9(27): 8035-8043
Published online Sep 26, 2021. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v9.i27.8035
Analysis of ocular structural parameters and higher-order aberrations in Chinese children with myopia
Xue Li, Qi Hu, Qian-Ru Wang, Zi-Qing Feng, Fan Yang, Chun-Yu Du
Xue Li, Fan Yang, Chun-Yu Du, Department of Ophthalmology, The Center of Optometry of The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150000, Heilongjiang Province, China
Qi Hu, Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030000, Shanxi Province, China
Qian-Ru Wang, Zi-Qing Feng, Department of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510000, Guangdong Province, China
Author contributions: Li X and Hu Q contributed equally to this article and should be considered as co-first authors; Li X and Hu Q designed this retrospective study; Wang QR and Feng ZQ wrote this paper; Yang F and Du CY were responsible for sorting the data.
Supported by Scientific Research Project of Heilongjiang Health Commission, China, No. 2020-141.
Institutional review board statement: The study was reviewed and approved by the Center of Optometry of the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University Institutional Review Board.
Informed consent statement: Informed consent was obtained from the patients.
Conflict-of-interest statement: No conflict of interest.
Data sharing statement: No additional data are available.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Xue Li, MD, Attending Doctor, Department of Ophthalmology, The Center of Optometry of The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, No. 23 Postal Street, Nangang District, Harbin 150000, Heilongjiang Province, China. lx13351282838@163.com
Received: April 15, 2021
Peer-review started: April 15, 2021
First decision: May 11, 2021
Revised: May 15, 2021
Accepted: July 26, 2021
Article in press: July 26, 2021
Published online: September 26, 2021
Processing time: 153 Days and 23.6 Hours
Abstract
BACKGROUND

Myopia and high myopia are global public health concerns. Patients with high myopia account for 0.5%-5.0% of the global population.

AIM

To examine diopters, axial length (AL), higher-order aberrations, and other ocular parameters in Chinese children with myopia, to analyze the influence of structural parameters associated with myopia on visual quality, and to provide a theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of childhood myopia and high myopia.

METHODS

This study included 195 children aged 6–17 years with myopia. The AL was measured with an ultrasonic ophthalmic diagnostic instrument, and the aberrations, corneal curvature (minimum K1, maximum K2, and average Km), central corneal thickness, anterior chamber depth, and anterior chamber angle were measured using a Sirius three-dimensional anterior segment analyzer. Using a standard formula, the corneal radius of curvature R (337.3/Km) and AL/R values were obtained.

RESULTS

The diopter of high myopia compared with low-middle myopia was correlated with age and AL (r = -0.336, -0.405, P < 0.001), and AL of high myopia was negatively correlated with K1, K2, and Km (r = -0.673, -0.661, and -0.680, respectively; P < 0.001), and positively correlated with age and the anterior chamber depth (r = 0.214 and 0.275, respectively; P < 0.05). AL/R was more closely related to diopter than AL in children with myopia, and 94.4% of children with myopia had an AL/R of > 3.00.

CONCLUSION

The ocular structural parameters of children change because of different diopters. AL/R is more specific and sensitive than AL in evaluating the refractive status of myopia in children. An AL/R of > 3.00 may be used as a specific index of myopia in children. There are differences in AL/R between high myopia and low-middle myopia, which can be used for the classification of ametropia. The degree of myopia has a certain influence on higher-order aberrations.

Keywords: Myopia; Higher-order aberrations; Diopter; Axial length; Cornea radius of curvature

Core Tip: We explored the relationship between changes in ocular structural parameters and the development of myopia to provide foundational evidence for the study of myopia in children.