Xue CY, Dong H, Yang HX, Jiang YW, Yin L. Four-year-old anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor encephalitis patient with ovarian teratoma: A case report. World J Clin Cases 2021; 9(19): 5319-5324 [PMID: 34307584 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v9.i19.5319]
Corresponding Author of This Article
Ling Yin, MD, Chief Doctor, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University First Hospital, No. 8 Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, Beijing 100034, China. yinling6565@sina.com
Research Domain of This Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Article-Type of This Article
Case Report
Open-Access Policy of This Article
This article is an open-access article which was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Cong-Ying Xue, Hui-Xia Yang, Ling Yin, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
Hui Dong, Yu-Wu Jiang, Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
Author contributions: Xue CY wrote the manuscript; Dong H was the attending pediatrician for the patient and revised the manuscript; Yang HX designed the study and managed the writing; Jiang YW revised the manuscript; Yin L performed the surgical operation and revised the manuscript critically for important intellectual content; all authors read and approved the final manuscript.
Informed consent statement: Written informed consent was obtained from the parents of the child for the surgery and publication of this case report.
Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors claim no conflict of interest related to this manuscript.
CARE Checklist (2016) statement: The authors have read the CARE Checklist (2016) and the manuscript was prepared and revised according to the CARE Checklist (2016).
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Ling Yin, MD, Chief Doctor, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University First Hospital, No. 8 Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, Beijing 100034, China. yinling6565@sina.com
Received: February 27, 2021 Peer-review started: February 27, 2021 First decision: April 14, 2021 Revised: April 25, 2021 Accepted: May 7, 2021 Article in press: May 7, 2021 Published online: July 6, 2021 Processing time: 116 Days and 12.2 Hours
Abstract
BACKGROUND
A population-based comparative study in United States shows that the prevalence and incidence of autoimmune encephalitis are comparable to those of infectious encephalitis and its detection is increasing over time. Some patients are complicated with ovarian teratoma. The younger the patient is, the less likely a tumor will be present.
CASE SUMMARY
This case report describes the successful treatment of anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate-receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis by early laparoscopic ovarian cystectomy and immunotherapy in a 4-year-old female child. And to the best of our knowledge, this detailed case report describes the youngest patient to date with anti-NMDAR encephalitis who underwent laparoscopic ovarian cystectomy.
CONCLUSION
Although the younger the patient is, the less likely a tumor will be detected, we still emphasize that all patients with suspected or confirmed anti-NMDAR encephalitis should be screened for ovarian tumors if possible. Prompt initiation of immunotherapy and tumor removal are crucial for good outcomes.
Core Tip: In this case report, we describe the successful treatment of anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate-receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis by early laparoscopic teratoma removal and immunotherapy in a 4-year-old female child. And to the best of our knowledge, this detailed case report is about the youngest patient to date with anti-NMDAR encephalitis who underwent laparoscopic ovarian cystectomy. We intend to increase awareness about the importance of early identification of anti-NMDAR encephalitis and once the disease is diagnosed, it should be screened for tumor, especially ovarian teratoma, and surgical intervention should be adopted as soon as possible.
