Case Control Study
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2022. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Clin Cases. Jan 7, 2022; 10(1): 35-42
Published online Jan 7, 2022. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v10.i1.35
Changes in rheumatoid arthritis under ultrasound before and after sinomenine injection
Yi-Min Huang, Yu Zhuang, Zhi-Ming Tan
Yi-Min Huang, Yu Zhuang, Zhi-Ming Tan, Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Huizhou Central People’s Hospital, Huizhou 516001, Guangdong Province, China
Author contributions: Huang YM design the experiment; Zhuang Y drafted the work, Tan ZM collected the data; Huang YM analysed and interpreted data, Zhuang Y and Tan ZM wrote the article.
Institutional review board statement: This study was approved by the Huizhou Central People’s Hospital Ethics Committee.
Informed consent statement: All study participants, or their legal guardian, provided informed written consent prior to study enrollment.
Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors declared that there is no conflict of interest between them.
Data sharing statement: No additional data are available.
STROBE statement: The authors have read the STROBE Statement, and the manuscript was prepared and revised according to the STROBE Statement.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Zhi-Ming Tan, BM BCh, Chief Doctor, Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Huizhou Central People’s Hospital, No. 41 Eling North Road, Huicheng District, Huizhou 516001, Guangdong Province, China. 3582027891@qq.com
Received: August 26, 2021
Peer-review started: August 26, 2021
First decision: September 29, 2021
Revised: October 14, 2021
Accepted: November 26, 2021
Article in press: November 26, 2021
Published online: January 7, 2022
Processing time: 125 Days and 21.4 Hours
Abstract
BACKGROUND

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a prevalent clinical autoimmune disease that is commonly treated with diclofenac and methotrexate. In recent years, the application of traditional Chinese medicine in RA has received widespread attention; it promotes blood circulation, strengthens the immune system, and eliminates evil. The sinomenine preparation of Zhingqeng Fengtongning is studied as a possible treatment for patients with RA.

AIM

To explore the value of sinomenine injection into the articular cavity for the treatment of RA.

METHODS

A total of 94 patients with RA treated from January 2019 to January 2021 were selected and divided into the study and control groups with 47 patients each using a simple random number table method. Both groups received conventional treatment with diclofenac sodium and methotrexate tablets. The control group received diproxone and lidocaine by intra-articular administration while the study group received an intra-articular administration of the sinomenine preparation of Zhengqing Fengning and lidocaine. χ2 test was used to evaluate the therapeutic effect and synovial thickness, degree of pain through the visual analog scale (VAS), blood flow grade, arthroinflammatory indexes [rheumatoid factor (RF), C-reactive protein (CRP), and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR)] before and after treatment in the two groups.

RESULTS

The total effective rate of the study group (93.62%) was higher than that of the control group (78.72%) (P < 0.05). Before treatment, there were no significant differences between the two groups in terms of synovial thickness, VAS score, blood flow grading, levels of RF, and ESR (P > 0.05). After treatment, the synovial thickness and VAS score were significantly lower (P < 0.05) in the study group than in the control group (2.05 ± 0.59 mm vs 2.87 ± 0.64 mm and 2.11 ± 0.62 vs 2.90 ± 0.79 scores, respectively). The rate of blood flow at grade 0 in the study group (76.60%) was higher than that in the control group (57.45%), and the rate of blood flow at grade I (10.64%) was lower than that in the control group (31.91%) (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the levels of RF (55.61 ± 6.13 U/mL), CRP (11.43 ± 3.59 mg/L), and ESR (29.60 ± 5.56 mm/h) in the study group were lower than those in the control group (73.04 ± 9.23 U/mL, 15.07 ± 4.06 mg/L, 36.64 ± 6.10 mm/h, respectively) (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSION

Sinomenine administration of Zhengqing Fengtongning in the articular cavity with conventional treatment of RA can improve ultrasonographic blood flow and synovial thickness, reduce pain, regulate inflammation, and enhance therapeutic effect.

Keywords: Rheumatoid arthritis; Articular injection; Sinomenine; Ultrasonic changes; Inflammatory factors; Zhengqing Fengtongning

Core Tip: Sinomenine administration of Zhengqing Fengtongning in the articular cavity can improve blood flow and synovial thickness, reduce pain, regulate inflammation, and enhance therapeutic effect. The drug preparation was administered with diclofenac and methotrexate. Comparison of outcomes was done between a study group and a matched control group.