Primary mucosal-associated lymphoid tissue extranodal marginal zone lymphoma of the bladder from an imaging perspective: A case report

Table 1 Imaging findings of the patients with primary bladder mucosal-associated lymphoid tissue extranodal marginal zone lymphoma ever reported (including the present case)

No.	Ref.	Solitary /multiple	Size (cm)	Location	Signs of ureteral obstruction	Imaging findings			Follow-up imaging methods
						US	CT	MRI
1	Tasu et al[14]	Solitary	NA	Right lateral wall	No	Soft tissue mass	Soft tissue mass	No	NA
2	Tasu et al[14]	NA	NA	Entire wall	Yes	Circumferential thickening of the bladder wall	Circumferential thickening of the bladder wall	No	CT
3	Tasu et al[14]	Solitary	NA	Left wall	No	An isolated mass with local thickened bladder wall	An isolated mass with local thickened bladder wall	No	NA
4	Maninderpal et al[15]	Solitary	11.2	Trigone of the bladder	Yes	A hypoechoic soft tissue mass with local thickened bladder wall	A homogeneously enhancing mass with local thickened bladder wall	Homogeneously enhancing mass with hypointensity in T1WI, intermediate intense intensity in T2WI, and hyperintensity in STIR	CT
5	Szopiński et al[11]	Solitary	3.6	Posterior wall	No	Hypoechoic mass	No	No	US, CT
6	Morita et al[23]	Solitary	NA	NA	NA	No	Soft tissue mass with local thickened bladder wall	No	NA
7	Bacalja et al[24]	Solitary	8.5	Right posterolateral wall	No	Soft tissue mass	Expansive lesion of the bladder wall	No	CT, PET-CT
8	Matsuda et al[4]	Solitary	NA	Anterior to right side wall	Yes	No	Soft tissue mass with local thickened bladder wall	Soft tissue mass with local thickened bladder wall	US
9	Simpson et al[25]	Solitary	6.3	Anterior lateral	Yes	No	Soft tissue mass	No	PET-CT
10	Hsu et al[18]	NA	NA	Right wall	Yes	No	Eccentric thickened bladder wall	No	NA
11	Kadam et al[26]	Solitary	3.4	Posterior wall	NA	No	Soft tissue mass	No	NA
12	Xu et al[8]	Multiple	NA	NA	NA	Roughness in the inner bladder wall	Soft tissue mass	No	CT, PET-CT
13	Present case	Multiple	12.8	Posterior wall	Yes	A mass had a homogeneous hypoecho with fine linear echogenic strands distributed inside	Continuous enhancing mass with thickened wall	No	US

NA: Not available; US: Ultrasonography; CT: Computed tomography; MRI: Magnetic resonance imaging; T1WI: T1-weighted imaging; T2WI: T2-weighted imaging; STIR: Short tau inversion-recovery; PET-CT: Positron emission tomography/computed tomography.

Table 2 Comparison of image findings among the present case, previously reported cases, typical bladder carcinoma and typical glandular cystitis

	US	CT	MRI
Present case	Hypoecho mass with sharp boundaries	Solitary mass with continuously enhancement and thickened bladder wall	No
Common findings of cases reported	Hypoecho mass	Solitary mass with homogeneously enhancement	Homogeneously enhancing mass with hypointensity in T1WI, intermediate intense intensity in T2WI, hyperintensity in STIR
Common findings of bladder carcinoma	Hypoechoic masses with rough boundaries	Irregular solid mass with significantly heterogeneous enhancement	Early significantly enhancing mass with iso to hyperintensity in T1WI, intermediate intensity in T2WI, hyperintensity in DWI, and decreased ADC value
Common findings of glandular cystitis	Diffuse thickening or nodular eminence of the bladder wall	Thickened bladder wall with mild enhancement	Mild enhancing thickened bladder wall with intermediate intensity on T1W, hyperintense on T2W, and slightly hyperintense on DWI

NA: Not available; US: Ultrasound imaging; CT: Computed tomography; MRI: Magnetic resonance imaging; T1WI: T1-weighted imaging; T2WI: T2-weighted imaging; DWI: Diffusion-weighted imaging; ADC: Average diffusion coefficient.