Review
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2021.
World J Clin Cases. Oct 26, 2021; 9(30): 8953-8966
Published online Oct 26, 2021. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v9.i30.8953
Table 1 Clinical studies of endothelial progenitor cell therapy
Ref.
Article
Species
EPCs category
Result
Britten et al[71], 2003Infarct remodeling after intracoronary progenitor cell treatment in patients with acute myocardial infarction (TOPCARE-AMI): Mechanistic insights from serial contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imagingHumanCD34, CD45, CD133The progenitor cell therapy could rescue dysfunctional myocardium early after AMI
Döbert et al[72], 2004Transplantation of progenitor cells after reperfused acute myocardial infarction: Evaluation of perfusion and myocardial viability with FDG-PET and thallium SPECTHumanBMCs and EPCs The EPC therapy could increase myocardial viability
Wang et al[73], 2007Transplantation of autologous endothelial progenitor cells may be beneficial in patients with idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension: A pilot randomized controlled trialHumanPeripheral blood EPCsInfusion of EPCs seemed to be feasible and safe, and might have beneficially affect to AMI patients
Dedobbeleer et al[74], 2004Myocardial homing and coronary endothelial function after autologous blood CD34+ progenitor cells intracoronary injection in the chronic phase of myocardial infarctionHumanCD34The safety and homing ability of EPCs are proved in both acute and chronic conditions
Flores-Ramírez et al[77], 2010Intracoronary infusion of CD133+ endothelial progenitor cells improves heart function and quality of life in patients with chronic post-infarct heart insufficiencyHumanCD133The EPCs therapy had improved the heart function of patients
Dubois et al[78], 2010Differential effects of progenitor cell populations on left ventricular remodeling and myocardial neovascularization after myocardial infarctionPigCD31, CD90, CD29, CD44, CD45Infusion of late-outgrowth EPCs could improve myocardial infarction remodeling
Lee et al[70], 2015Intracoronary transfusion of circulation-derived CD34+ cells improves left ventricular function in patients with end-stage diffuse coronary artery disease unsuitable for coronary interventionHumanCD34CD34+ cell therapy was safe and efficacious in improving heart function
Sung et al[75], 2018Five-year clinical and angiographic follow-up outcomes of intracoronary transfusion of circulation-derived CD34+ cells for patients with end-stage diffuse coronary artery disease unsuitable for coronary intervention-phase 1 clinical trialHumanCD34CD34+ cell therapy might contribute to improving left ventricular function, heart failure, and amelioration of left ventricular remodeling
Shen et al[80], 2018Induced pluripotent stem cell-derived endothelial progenitor cells attenuate ischemic acute kidney injury and cardiac dysfunctionMouseCD31EPC therapy may reduce the effect of cardiomyocyte apoptosis and cardiac dysfunction
Lee et al[79], 2019Clinical assessment of intravenous endothelial progenitor cell transplantation in dogs. cell transplantDogCD105, CD31 and CD144Dogs with EPC transplantation have reduced platelets, increased VEGF, and increased IL-10
Angulski et al[81], 2019systemic infusion of expanded CD133+ cells and expanded CD133+ cell-derived EVs for the treatment of ischemic cardiomyopathy in a rat model of AMIRatCD133Not significant effect was observed in this experiment
Table 2 Clinical outcomes with endothelial progenitor cell stents
Ref.
Article
Patients, n
Inclusion criteria
Major clinical outcomes
Sung et al[75], 2018Five-yr clinical and angiographic follow-up outcomes of intracoronary transfusion of circulation-derived CD34+ cells for patients with end-stage diffuse coronary artery disease unsuitable for coronary intervention phase 1 clinical trial38Death from any cause/major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular event/target vessel revascularization/newly onset atrial fibrillationFive-yr clinical outcomes: Noncardiovascular death: 13.2%. Cardiovascular death: 7.9%. Acute myocardial infarction: 7.9%. Newly onset atrial fibrillation: 2.6%
Sarno et al[85], 2017Real-life clinical outcomes with everolimus eluting platinum chromium stent with an abluminal biodegradable polymer in patients from the Swedish coronary angiography and angioplasty registry (SCAAR)42357Clinical presentation/lesion characteristicsOne-yr outcomes: Restenosis: 1.1%; Restenotic lesion: 3.8%; Death: 5.2%
den Dekker et al[87], 2011Final results of the HEALING IIB trial to evaluate a bio-engineered CD34 antibody-coated stent (Genous stent) designed to promote vascular healing by capture of circulating endothelial progenitor cells in CAD patients100Angiographic features/ MACCE rateTwo-yr clinical outcomes: MACCE: 16.6%, MI: 5.2%, TLR clinically driven: 11.5%, TVF: 14.6%, Stent thrombosis: 3.1%
Chandrasekhar et al[88], 20201-year COMBO stent outcomes stratified by the PARIS bleeding prediction score: From the MASCOT registry2279One-yr TLF/target lesion revascularization/ST/major adverse cardiac eventsOne-yr outcomes: TLF: 6.7%, Cardiac death: 2.4%, MI: 2.9%, TLR: 3.1%, Stent thrombosis: 1.8%