Diagnosis and treatment of primary seminoma of the prostate: A case report and review of literature

Table 1 Clinical data of patients with primary seminoma of the prostate

No.	Age	Symptoms	Finding (max size of the prostate)	Initial diagnosis	Treatment	Final diagnosis	Follow-up (mo)	Ref.
1	51	Lumbago, fatigue	Large prostate (6 cm) retroperitoneal mass	Adenocarcinoma	CBC 4 cycles	Prostate seminoma involving BN1	6 (alive)	Arai et al[3], 1988
2	58	Hematuria, urgency	LPIBN (NA)	Bladder neck and prostate urethra tumor	CBC 3 cycles	Prostate seminoma involving BN2	10 (alive)	Khandekar et al[4], 1993
3	31	Hematuria, dysuria, hematospermia	Large prostate (NA); lymph node mass (NA)	Prostate abscess	CBC 4 cycles + radiotherapy 40 Gy	Prostate seminoma involving BN, seminal vesicles2	156 (alive)	Hayman et al[5], 1995
4	27	Hematuria, dysuria, lumbago	LPIBN (10 cm)	Rhabdomyosarcoma3	Total pelvic exenteration + CBC 3 cycles	Prostate seminoma invading BN, seminal vesicles and rectal wall1	72 (alive)	Kimura et al[6], 1995
5	54	Dysuria	LPIBN (NA)	Prostate seminoma3	CBC 3 cycles	Prostate seminoma involving BN2	28 (alive)	Hashimoto et al[7], 2009
6	54	Dysuria, nocturia	LPIBN (9.5 cm)	Prostate cancer3	Total pelvic exenteration + CTX 9 cycles	Prostate seminoma invading BN, seminal vesicles1	132 (alive)	Zheng et al[8], 2015
7	47	Dysuria, nocturia frequency, urgency	Large prostate (NA)	BPH	Transurethral resection of prostate + CBC 4 cycles	Prostate seminoma1	48 (alive)	Kazmi et al[9], 2019
8	46	Dysuria, frequency	LPIBN (7.5 cm)	Prostate seminoma3	CBC 2 cycles + radiotherapy 36 Gy	Prostate seminoma involving BN, seminal vesicles1	NA	Gundavda et al[10], 2020
9	56	Scrotal pain, frequency, urgency	LPIBN (10.2 cm)	Prostate seminoma3	Radiotherapy 50 Gy	Prostate seminoma involving BN, seminal vesicles1	24 (alive)	Akingbade et al[11], 2021
10	35	Dysuria	Large prostate mass (NA)	Prostate seminoma3	NA	Prostate seminoma involving BN2	NA	Hayasaka et al[12], 2011
11	59	Hematuria, dysuria	LPIBN (7 cm)	BPH	Suprapubic prostatectomy + radiotherapy 36 Gy	Prostate seminoma invading BN and seminal vesicles1	96 (alive)	Current case
124	24	Microhematuria, lumbago	LPIBN (6 cm)	Prostatic tumor	Total prostatectomy + CBC 4 cycles	EST with seminoma in the prostate invading BN1	8 (dead)	Han et al[13], 2003
134	47	Dysuria, hematuria	LPIBN (11 cm)	Adenocarcinoma3	Radical prostatectomy + CBC 4 cycles	Immature teratoma, seminoma, EST invading BN1	16 (alive)	Liu et al[14], 2014
144	47	Dysuria	LPIBN (11 cm)	BPH	Bleomycin, etoposide and cisplatin 4 cycles	Prostate with yolk sac tumor and seminoma invading BN1	12 (alive)	Antunes et al[15], 2018

¹Final diagnosis by imaging examination and histopathological examination.

²Diagnosis by imaging examination.

³Initial diagnosis by biopsy.

⁴Mixed extragonadal germ cell tumor with focal seminoma.

CBC: Cisplatin-based chemotherapy; BN: Bladder neck; NA: Not available; CTX: Cyclophosphamide; BPH: Benign prostatic hyperplasia; LPIBN: Large prostate invading the bladder neck; EST: Endodermal sinus tumor.