Identification and predictive analysis for participants at ultra-high risk of psychosis: A comparison of three psychometric diagnostic interviews

Table 1 Diagnostic comparison between the comprehensive assessment of at-risk mental states and the structured interview for psychosis-risk syndrome outcomes in participants of the research group (P < 0.001)

			SIPS outcomes			Total
			UHR-	UHR+	Psychosis
CAARMS outcomes	UHR-	Count	162	0	0	162
		Ratio, %	85.71	0	0	85.71
	UHR+	Count	4	5	3	12
		Ratio, %	2.11	2.65	1.59	6.35
	Psychosis	Count	1	5	9	15
		Ratio, %	0.53	2.65	4.76	7.94
	Total	Count	167	10	12	189
		Ratio, %	88.36	5.3	6.35	100

CAARMS: Comprehensive assessment of at-risk mental states; SIPS: Structured interview for psychosis-risk syndrome; UHR: Ultra-high risk; UHR+: At risk of psychosis; UHR-: Not at risk of psychosis.

Table 2 Diagnostic comparison between the structured interview for psychosis-risk syndrome and the bonn scale for the assessment of basic symptoms outcomes in participants of the research group (P < 0.001)

			SIPS outcomes			Total
			UHR-	UHR+	Psychosis
BSABS outcomes	UHR-	Count	159	0	0	159
		Ratio, %	84.13	0	0	84.13
	UHR+	Count	6	7	4	17
		Ratio, %	3.17	3.7	2.12	8.99
	Psychosis	Count	2	3	8	13
		Ratio, %	1.06	1.59	4.23	6.88
	Total	Count	167	10	12	189
		Ratio, %	88.36	5.29	6.35	100

SIPS: Structured interview for psychosis-risk syndrome; BSABS: Bonn scale for the assessment of basic symptoms; UHR: Ultra-high risk; UHR+: At risk of psychosis; UHR-: Not at risk of psychosis.

Table 3 Diagnostic comparison between the comprehensive assessment of at-risk mental states and the bonn scale for the assessment of basic symptoms outcomes in participants of the research group (P < 0.001)

			CAARMS outcomes			Total
			UHR−	UHR+	Psychosis
BSABS outcomes	UHR−	Count	158	1	0	159
		Ratio, %	83.6	0.53	0	84.13
	UHR+	Count	3	9	5	17
		Ratio, %	1.58	4.76	2.65	8.99
	Psychosis	Count	1	2	10	13
		Ratio, %	0.53	1.06	5.29	6.88
	Total	Count	162	12	15	189
		Ratio, %	85.71	6.35	7.94	100

CAARMS: Comprehensive assessment of at-risk mental states; BSABS: Bonn scale for the assessment of basic symptoms; UHR: Ultra-high risk; UHR+: At risk of psychosis; UHR-: Not at risk of psychosis.

Table 4 Inter-rater correlation coefficients of the comprehensive assessment of at-risk mental states, the structured interview for psychosis-risk syndrome and the bonn scale for the assessment of basic symptoms subscales (n = 30, P < 0.001)

	ICC
CAARMS Subscale
Positive symptoms	0.93
Cognitive change	0.75
Attention/concentration/emotional disturbance	0.74
Negative symptoms	0.88
Behavioral change	0.75
Motor/physical changes	0.85
General psychopathology	0.93
Total	0.9
SIPS Subscale
Family History Questionnaire	0.9
The Scale of Psychosis-Risk Symptoms	0.8
The Global Assessment of Functioning	0.72
Schizotypal Personality Disorder Checklist (DSM-5)	0.81
Summary of SIPS data	0.92
Summary of SIPS syndrome criteria	0.88
Total	0.89
BSABS Subscale
Adynamia (A + B)	0.87
Cognitive disorder €	0.76
Cenesthesia experience (D)	0.82
Dysfunction of central autonomic nerve €	0.88
Self-protection (F)	0.89
Total	0.85

ICC: Intra-class correlation; CAARMS: Comprehensive assessment of at-risk mental states; SIPS: Structured interview for psychosis-risk syndrome; BSABS: Bonn scale for the assessment of basic symptoms; DSM-5: Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders fifth edition.

Table 5 Transition rates of at risk of psychosis participants to within 2 years

	UHR+	Outcomes after 2 years follow-up		Transition rates, %
		Psychosis	No psychosis
CAARMS	12	2	10	16.7
SIPS	10	1	9	10
BSABS	17	3	14	17.7

CAARMS: Comprehensive assessment of at-risk mental states; SIPS: Structured interview for psychosis-risk syndrome; BSABS: Bonn scale for the assessment of basic symptoms; UHR+: At risk of psychosis.