Optimal approach for total endoscopic discectomy and its effect on lumbar and leg function in patients with disc herniation

Table 1 Comparison of the general demographic characteristics between the control and observation groups

Group	Sex (M/F)	ASA (II/III)	Duration (mo)	Age (yr)	Body mass index
Observation group (n = 62)	35/27	25/37	7.42 ± 2.41	54.13 ± 5.12	23.99 ± 1.22
Control group (n = 58)	34/24	32/26	7.64 ± 2.52	54.34 ± 4.97	24.23 ± 2.33
χ2/t value	0.058	2.650	0.486	0.234	0.712
P value	0.810	0.104	0.628	0.815	0.478

ASA: American Sociological Association.

Table 2 Comparison of therapeutic effects between the control and observation groups, n (%)

Group	Excellent	Good	Average	Poor	Total effective rate
Observation group (n = 62)	38 (61.29)	12 (19.35)	8 (12.90)	4 (6.45)	58 (93.55)
Control group (n = 58)	19 (32.76)	15 (25.86)	11 (18.97)	13 (22.41)	45 (77.59)
χ2/U value	3.353				6.279
P value	0.001				0.012

Table 3 Comparison of perioperative indicators between the control and observation groups

Group	Operative time (h)	Intraoperative blood loss (mL)	Hospital stay (d)
Observation group (n = 62)	6.74 ± 1.37	33.21 ± 1.95	4.34 ± 1.33
Control group (n = 58)	6.71 ± 1.51	33.60 ± 1.96	5.38 ± 1.57
t value	0.133	1.097	3.933
P value	0.884	0.275	0.000

Table 4 Analysis of dysfunction in the control and observation groups

Group	JOA (points)		ODI (points)
	Before therapy	4 wk of therapy	Before therapy	4 wk of therapy
Observation group (n = 62)	7.71 ± 2.05	2.98 ± 1.26	55.68 ± 2.76	11.68 ± 2.53
Control group (n = 58)	7.93 ± 2.12	3.90 ± 1.61	55.95 ± 1.93	14.98 ± 1.86
t value	0.581	3.472	0.619	8.116
P value	0.562	0.001	0.537	0.000

JOA: Japanese Orthopaedic Association; ODI: Oswestry Disability Index.

Table 5 Comparison of pain between the control and observation groups

Group	Lower back VAS (points)		Leg VAS (points)
	Before therapy	4 wk of therapy	Before therapy	4 wk of therapy
Observation group (n = 62)	6.02 ± 1.81	2.18 ± 0.88	7.87 ± 1.82	1.42 ± 0.50
Control group (n = 58)	6.03 ± 2.79	3.53 ± 0.50	7.78 ± 2.93	2.21 ± 0.52
t value	0.043	10.292	0.215	8.464
P value	0.966	0.000	0.830	0.000

VAS: Visual analog scale.

Table 6 Comparison of quality of life between the control and observation groups

Group	AIMS2-SF score (points)		Barthel index (points)
	Before therapy	After therapy	Before therapy	After therapy
Observation group (n = 62)	57.55 ± 2.57	95.16 ± 1.74	57.63 ± 2.18	97.29 ± 1.75
Control group (n = 58)	58.14 ± 2.54	84.95 ± 2.14	57.02 ± 1.58	89.16 ± 2.71
t value	1.263	28.782	1.751	19.645
P value	0.209	0.000	0.082	0.000

AIMS2-SF: A short form of the Arthritis Impact Measurement Scales 2 measurement scale.