Glomangiomatosis - immunohistochemical study: A case report

Table 1 Patient demographics and clinical features in reported literature

Ref.	Age (yr)/sex	Clinical symptoms	Site	Size1	Depth of tumor
Fan et al[9]	33, M	Pain in the R ankle recurred for 2 yr and aggravated for 1 wk	Medial part of the lower leg and 2 medial malleolus of the R foot	1.5 × 1.2 × 1; 2 × 1.5 × 1, 1.8 × 1.2 × 1	Invaded the surrounding striated muscle and adipose tissue
Fitzhugh et al[10]	33, M	Multiple leg pain; lumps present at birth; neurofibromatosis considered in imaging	R leg and joint, 2	5; 1.5	Infiltrative growth with adipose tissue
Folpe et al[4]	25, F	Unknown	Ankle	—	Deep soft tissue
Gould et al[11]	17, F	Palpable mass	Hand and palm	2-4 mm	Skeletal muscle
	29, M	Tumor	Right parotid gland	4 × 2 × 1.8	Skeletal muscle
Hayes et al[12]	32, F	Slow growing mass	Nasal region	—	Deep soft tissue
Jalali et al[2]	17, M	Pain; enlargement	Forearm, hand, and finger tips	—
Kim et al[5]	48, M	Two masses in the R plantar and R ankle, intermittent pain; history of trauma	R plantar and R ankle 2	2; 1 × 1.5 × 1.7; 0.9 × 1.4 × 1.7	Invasion of surrounding soft tissue
Kumar et al[6]	14, M	L leg cramp for 4 y	Closely related to the sciatic nerve	6.7 × 4.3 × 3	Infiltrative growth
Laughlin et al[7]	56, M	Sudden pain in the R foot, aggravating symptoms, extended to the foot and ankle for 3 mo	Sural nerve, 7-cm long distended area	7	Infiltrating nerve
Lumley et al[13]	24, F	Pain	R foot; leg	Unknown	Deep in Achilles tendon
Negri et al[14]	21, F	Pain	L thigh	22 × 11 × 6	Skeletal muscle
Rao et al[15]	36, M	Unknown	Chest wall > 3		Skeletal muscles and ribs
Sano et al[8]	59, M	Multiple glomus tumor of R ankle	R ankle, 5	5; 1 × 1 × 1 to 8 × 3 × 2	Unknown
Skelton et al[16]	32, M	Slow growing painful nodule	R wrist		Deep skin
Zhou et al[3]	39, M	20 yr chronic low back pain, 10 yr severe pain	Paraspinal region	5 × 4 × 3.3	Deep

¹Centimeters, unless indicated otherwise. L: Left; R: Right.

Table 2 Preoperative course, treatment, and outcome in reported literature, by first author and year of publication

Ref.	Preop course1	Treatment	Margin2	Outcome	FU
Fan et al[9]	2 yr	Resection	Positive	Patients FU for 4 mo	4 mo
Fitzhugh et al[10]	5 yr	Resection	Unknown	No recurrence 5 yr after resection	5 yr
Folpe et al[4]	NS	Excision	Positive	Recurrence 3 × in 5 yr	60 mo
	Unknown	Excision	Negative	No recurrence	48 mo
Gould et al[11]	1 yr	Resection	Unknown	No recurrence	24 mo
	2 yr	Incomplete resection	Positive	Recurrence 4 yr later and resected	48 mo
Hayes et al[12]	4 mo	Complete resection, each	Positive	Six relapses in 14 yr	180 mo
Jalali et al[2]	7 mo	Second resection	NS	Small recurrence within 26 mo	26 mo
Kim et al[5]	Trauma; no family history	Resection	Unknown	Unknown	Unknown
Kumar et al[6]	4 yr	Palliative resection	Positive	After 16 mo, the tumor became larger and new nodules appeared	7 mo3
Laughlin et al[7]	3 mo	Resection	Unknown	Unknown	Unknown
Lumley et al[13]	4 yr	Incomplete resection, amputation	Positive	One 1 yr later the pain continued; 42 mo later, the knee was excised	56 mo
Negri et al[14]	> 2 yr	Resection/extensive resection of cutting edge	Negative	Unknown	Unknown
Rao et al[15]	Unknown	Resection	Unknown	Recurrence 6 yr later	72 mo
Sano et al[8]	30 yr	Resection	Unknown	No recurrence	2 yr
Skelton et al[16]	1 mo	Complete resection	Negative	No recurrence	12 mo
Zhou et al[3]	20 yr	Incomplete resection	Positive	Survival with disease	15 mo

¹At initial operation (OP).

²Follow-up after initial OP.

³7 mo after second OP, symptoms improved significantly and residual tumor found.

FU: Follow-up; OP: Operation.