Case Report
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2021. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Clin Cases. Jul 26, 2021; 9(21): 6130-6137
Published online Jul 26, 2021. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v9.i21.6130
Oral cyclophosphamide-induced posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome in a patient with ANCA-associated vasculitis: A case report
Yire Kim, Jihye Kwak, Sehyun Jung, Seunghye Lee, Ha Nee Jang, Hyun Seop Cho, Se-Ho Chang, Hyun-Jung Kim
Yire Kim, Jihye Kwak, Sehyun Jung, Seunghye Lee, Ha Nee Jang, Hyun Seop Cho, Se-Ho Chang, Hyun-Jung Kim, Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju 52727, South Korea
Ha Nee Jang, Hyun Seop Cho, Se-Ho Chang, Hyun-Jung Kim, Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, South Korea
Se-Ho Chang, Hyun-Jung Kim, Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, South Korea
Author contributions: Kim Y, Kwak J, Cho HS and Kim HJ collected data, reviewed the literature and contributed to manuscript drafting; Jung S, Lee S, Jang HN and Chang SH reviewed the literature and contributed to manuscript drafting; Kim Y analyzed and interpreted the imaging findings; Kim Y and Kim HJ were responsible for the revision of the manuscript for important intellectual content; All authors have read and approve the final manuscript.
Informed consent statement: Informed written consent was obtained from the patient for publication of this report and any accompanying images.
Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
CARE Checklist (2016) statement: The authors have read the CARE Checklist (2016), and the manuscript was prepared and revised according to the CARE Checklist (2016).
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Hyun-Jung Kim, MD, PhD, Professor, Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, 79 Gangnam-ro, Jinju 52727, South Korea. kimhjyh@gnu.ac.kr
Received: March 29, 2021
Peer-review started: March 29, 2021
First decision: April 28, 2021
Revised: April 30, 2021
Accepted: May 20, 2021
Article in press: May 20, 2021
Published online: July 26, 2021
Core Tip

Core Tip: Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is a neurological disease that can occur suddenly during the clinical course of various disorders. Since the clinical course of PRES is reversible, it is important to diagnose it quickly and correct the cause. Cyclophosphamide has recently been reported as one of the causes of PRES. This is the first report that PRES occurred at the early onset of oral cyclophosphamide therapy. Physicians should carefully monitor neurologic symptoms after oral cyclophosphamide administration in elderly patients with underlying diseases like sepsis, renal failure, and anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis.