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©The Author(s) 2024. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
Value of glucose transport protein 1 expression in detecting lymph node metastasis in patients with colorectal cancer
Hongsik Kim, Song-Yi Choi, Tae-Young Heo, Kyeong-Rok Kim, Jisun Lee, Min Young Yoo, Taek-Gu Lee, Joung-Ho Han
Hongsik Kim, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju 28644, South Korea
Song-Yi Choi, Department of Pathology, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, South Korea
Tae-Young Heo, Kyeong-Rok Kim, Information and Statistics, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, South Korea
Jisun Lee, Department of Radiology, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju-si 28644, South Korea
Min Young Yoo, Department of Nuclear Medicine, School of Medicine, Inha University, Incheon 22332, South Korea
Taek-Gu Lee, Department of Surgery, Chungbuk National University, College of Medicine, Cheongju-si 28644, South Korea
Joung-Ho Han, Department of Internal Medicen, Chungbuk National University, College of medicine, Cheongju-si 28644, South Korea
Co-first authors: Hongsik Kim and Song-Yi Choi.
Author contributions: contributed to Kim H, Choi SY, Heo TY, Kim KR, Lee J, Yoo MY, Lee TG, and Han JH conceptualization, data curation, writing—review & editing; Heo TY and Kim KR contributed to formal analysis, software; Han JH contributed to funding acquisition, project administration, supervision; Kim H, Choi SY, Heo TY, Kim KR, and Han JH contributed to investigation, methodology, validation; Kim H and Choi SY contributed to visualization; Kim H, Choi SY, and Han JH contributed to writing - original draft.
Institutional review board statement: The Institutional Review Board (IRB No. 2013-03-003) of Chungbuk National University Hospital approved this study.
Informed consent statement: The requirement for written informed consent was waived due to retrospective design of the study.
Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors have no conflict of interest to declare regarding the publication of this work.
Data sharing statement: IRB of CBNUH did not permit sharing the raw data of patients without consent.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See:
https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/ Corresponding author: Joung-Ho Han, MD, PhD, Professor, Department of Internal Medicen, Chungbuk National University, College of medicine, No. 1 Chungdae-ro, Seowon-gu, Cheongju-si 28644, South Korea. joungho@chungbuk.ac.kr
Received: November 9, 2023
Peer-review started: November 9, 2023
First decision: December 21, 2023
Revised: January 4, 2024
Accepted: January 22, 2024
Article in press: January 22, 2024
Published online: February 16, 2024
Processing time: 82 Days and 22.4 Hours
ARTICLE HIGHLIGHTS
Research perspectives
Further studies are needed to evaluate clinical benefit of glucose transport protein 1 (GLUT-1) expression as biomarkers for detecting primary tumors and lymph node metastasis via fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG)-positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT).
Research conclusions
GLUT-1 expression was significantly correlated with the maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) of 18F-FDG-PET/CT for primary tumors and lymph nodes. Clinicians should consider GLUT-1 expression in preoperative endoscopic biopsy when interpreting PET/CT findings.
Research results
GLUT-1 positivity was significantly correlated with the SUVmax of the primary tumor and lymph nodes, regardless of biopsy site (tumor center, P < 0.001 and P = 0.012; tumor periphery, P = 0.030 and P = 0.010, respectively). GLUT-1 positivity and negativity were associated with higher and lower sensitivities of PET/CT, respectively, for the detection of lymph node metastasis, regardless of biopsy site. GLUT3, HK-II, and HIF-1 expressions were not significantly associated with the SUVmax of the primary tumor and lymph nodes.
Research methods
Two tissue cores from the central and peripheral areas of the tumors were examined and the expressions of GLUT-1, GLUT-3, HK-II, and HIF-1 were determined via immunohistochemical staining. We analyzed the correlations among their expressions, various clinicopathological factors, and the SUVmax of PET/CT.
Research objectives
The research objective was to investigate the role of GLUT-1 expression as a biomarker for lymph node metastasis detected by FDG uptake on PET/CT; in addition, we aimed to assess whether GLUT-1 expression differed in the peripheral and central areas of the tumor.
Research motivation
The research motivation was to evaluate GLUT-1, GLUT-3, HK-II, and HIF-1 expressions as biomarkers for detecting primary tumors and lymph node metastasis with 18F-FDG-PET/CT.
Research background
There are limited data on the use of GLUT-1 and GLUT-3, HK-II, and HIF-1 expressions as biomarkers for predicting lymph node metastasis when combined with FDG uptake on PET/CT in patients with colorectal cancer.
