Retrospective Study
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2022. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Clin Cases. Jun 6, 2022; 10(16): 5208-5216
Published online Jun 6, 2022. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v10.i16.5208
Endoscopic surgery for intraventricular hemorrhage: A comparative study and single center surgical experience
Feng-Bo Wang, Xiao-Wa Yuan, Jin-Xiao Li, Ming Zhang, Zhao-Hui Xiang
Feng-Bo Wang, Xiao-Wa Yuan, Jin-Xiao Li, Ming Zhang, Zhao-Hui Xiang, Department of Neurosurgery, Xinyi People's Hospital, Xinyi 221400, Jiangsu Province, China
Author contributions: Wang FB and Xiang ZH conceived of the presented idea. Wang FB, Yuan XW wrote the manuscript with support from Li JX and Zhang M; all authors discussed the results and contributed to the final manuscript.
Institutional review board statement: The study was reviewed and approved by the Institutional Review Board at MedImmune and Gubra.
Informed consent statement: All study participants or their legal guardian provided informed written consent about personal and medical data collection prior to study enrolment.
Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.
Data sharing statement: No additional data are available.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Zhao-Hui Xiang, BSc, Neurosurgeon, Department of Neurosurgery, Xinyi People's Hospital, No. 16 Renmin Road, Xinyi 221400, Jiangsu Province, China. xiangzhaohui40752@163.com
Received: August 8, 2021
Peer-review started: August 8, 2021
First decision: January 10, 2022
Revised: January 19, 2022
Accepted: April 2, 2022
Article in press: April 2, 2022
Published online: June 6, 2022
Processing time: 297 Days and 21.5 Hours
ARTICLE HIGHLIGHTS
Research background

Intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) is a neurosurgical emergency, and a dangerous condition associated with high morbidity and mortality. In traditional treatment, hematoma evacuation is generally executed by external intracranial drainage (EVD) or surgical evacuation,but endoscopic evacuation is emerging as a good alternative approach, which brings relatively less invasion and injury. Accordingly, we need more successful endoscopic evacuation skilled experience to support endoscopic evacuation development.

Research motivation

With the development of endoscopic evacuation approach in Intraventricular hemorrhage therapy,we need more successful endoscopic evacuation skilled manipulation of endoscopic devices and the evidence supporting its efficacy differs. Thus, in this research, we retrospectively studied 96 consecutive patients with intraventricular hemorrhage who underwent either endoscopic surgery or non-endoscopic surgery for hemorrhage evacuation in different reports, which could provide guidance for endoscopic evacuation treatment in IVH.

Research objectives

In this research, we try to improve the technique usage and provide more evidence of endoscopic evacuation efficacy. Besides, we summarize our surgical experience and compared the outcomes of the endoscopic evacuation with EVD using real-world data.

Research methods

We retrospectively studied 96 consecutive patients with intraventricular hemorrhage who underwent either endoscopic surgery (n = 43) or non-endoscopic surgery (n = 53) for hemorrhage evacuation between November 2013 and September 2019 in our center. Patients’ conditions prior to and after the operation were evaluated and analyzed to assess the efficacy of the operation. The consciousness status improvement and perioperative in-hospital parameters in the two types of operation groups were assessed and compared.

Research results

Patients in the endoscopic and non-endoscopic groups presented with a similar state of consciousness, with a comparable Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) index. It was found that the average operation time was longer in the endoscopic group; the endoscopic group had a baseline Graeb score that indicated more severe hemorrhage than the non-endoscopic group, and the clearance rate of hematoma was as high as 60.5%. In the endoscopic group, the improved GCS index was more marked. Besides, the intensive care unit stay of the endoscopic group was significantly shorter than that of the non-endoscopic group.

Research conclusions

Endoscopic evacuation of intraventricular hemorrhage was generally an effective and efficient way for hemorrhage evacuation, and contributed remarkably to the improvement of consciousness in patients with intraventricular hemorrhage, which could be a potential surgical methods to be developed.

Research perspectives

In our retrospective analysis, our study showed that endoscopic evacuation of IVH was generally effective and efficient. The included patients showed significant improvement in consciousness, long-term recovery, and the Graeb index. This research provides us more preliminary experience in practicing endoscopic evacuation.