Retrospective Study
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2021. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Clin Cases. Oct 16, 2021; 9(29): 8694-8701
Published online Oct 16, 2021. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v9.i29.8694
Cefoperazone sodium/sulbactam sodium vs piperacillin sodium/tazobactam sodium for treatment of respiratory tract infection in elderly patients
Xiao-Xia Wang, Cheng-Tai Ma, Yan-Xia Jiang, Yun-Jie Ge, Fa-Yun Liu, Wen-Gang Xu
Xiao-Xia Wang, Yun-Jie Ge, Department of Cadre Health, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao 266011, Shandong Province, China
Cheng-Tai Ma, Department of Emergency Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266011, Shandong Province, China
Yan-Xia Jiang, Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266011, Shandong Province, China
Fa-Yun Liu, Wen-Gang Xu, Department of Pulmonary, Shandong Qingdao Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Qingdao 266011, Shandong Province, China
Author contributions: Wang XX, Ma CT, and Xu WG designed the research study; Jiang YX and Ge YJ performed the research; Liu FY analyzed the data and wrote the manuscript; all authors have read and approved the final manuscript.
Institutional review board statement: The study was reviewed and approved by the Qingdao Municipal Hospital Institutional Review Board.
Informed consent statement: All study participants provided informed written consent prior to study enrollment.
Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors have nothing to disclose.
Data sharing statement: No additional data are available.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Wen-Gang Xu, MD, Chief Physician, Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Shandong Qingdao Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, No. 5 Jiaxiang Road, Shinan District, Qingdao 266011, Shandong Province, China. jackyxu2021@126.com
Received: June 2, 2021
Peer-review started: June 2, 2021
First decision: June 24, 2021
Revised: July 5, 2021
Accepted: August 9, 2021
Article in press: August 9, 2021
Published online: October 16, 2021
Processing time: 135 Days and 1.2 Hours
Abstract
BACKGROUND

Respiratory tract infections in the elderly are difficult to cure and can easily recur, thereby posing a great threat to patient prognosis and quality of life.

AIM

To investigate the therapeutic effects of different antibiotics in elderly patients with respiratory tract infection.

METHODS

Seventy-four elderly patients with respiratory tract infection were randomly allocated to a study (n = 37; treated with cefoperazone sodium/sulbactam sodium) or control (n = 37; treated with piperacillin sodium/tazobactam sodium on the basis of routine symptomatic support) group. Both groups were treated for 7 d. Time to symptom relief (leukocyte recovery; body temperature recovery; cough and sputum disappearance; and rale disappearance time), treatment effect, and laboratory indexes [procalcitonin (PCT), C-reactive protein (CRP), white blood cell count (WBC), and neutrophil percentage (NE)] before and 7 d after treatment and the incidence of adverse reactions were assessed.

RESULTS

In the study group, the time to WBC normalization (6.79 ± 2.09 d), time to body temperature normalization (4.15 ± 1.08 d), time to disappearance of cough and sputum (6.19 ± 1.56 d), and time to disappearance of rales (6.68 ± 1.43 d) were shorter than those of the control group (8.89 ± 2.32 d, 5.81 ± 1.33 d, 8.77 ± 2.11 d, and 8.69 ± 2.12 d, respectively; P = 0.000). Total effective rate was higher in the study group (94.59% vs 75.68%, P = 0.022). Serum PCT (12.89 ± 3.96 μg/L), CRP (19.62 ± 6.44 mg/L), WBC (20.61 ± 6.38 × 109/L), and NE (86.14 ± 7.21%) levels of the study group before treatment were similar to those of the control group (14.05 ± 4.11 μg/L, 18.79 ± 5.96 mg/L, 21.21 ± 5.59 × 109/L, and 84.39 ± 6.95%, respectively) with no significant differences (P = 0.220, 0.567, 0.668, and 0.291, respectively). After 7 d of treatment, serum PCT, CRP, WBC, and NE levels in the two groups were lower than those before treatment. Serum PCT (2.01 ± 0.56 μg/L), CRP (3.11 ± 1.02 mg/L), WBC (5.10 ± 1.83 × 109/L), and NE (56.35 ± 7.17%) levels were lower in the study group than in the control group (3.29 ± 0.64 μg/L, 5.67 ± 1.23 mg/L, 8.13 ± 3.01 × 109/L, and 64.22 ± 8.08%, respectively; P = 0.000). There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the groups (7.50% vs 12.50%, P = 0.708).

CONCLUSION

Piperacillin sodium/tazobactam sodium is superior to cefoperazone sodium/ sulbactam sodium in the treatment of elderly patients with respiratory tract infection with a similar safety profile.

Keywords: Cefoperazone sodium, Sulbactam sodium, Piperacillin sodium, Tazobactam sodium, Respiratory tract infection, Elderly

Core Tip: Antibiotics are the main treatment for respiratory tract infection in elderly patients. Piperacillin sodium/tazobactam sodium belongs to the β-lactam antibiotics class, with a wide antibacterial spectrum, and plays an important role in the treatment of diseases. In this study, the authors wanted to determine the therapeutic value and safety of different antibiotics.