Case Report
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2020. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Clin Cases. Apr 26, 2020; 8(8): 1507-1514
Published online Apr 26, 2020. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v8.i8.1507
Primary cutaneous mantle cell lymphoma: Report of a rare case
Xiao-Dan Zheng, Yan-Lin Zhang, Jian-Lan Xie, Xiao-Ge Zhou
Xiao-Dan Zheng, Yan-Lin Zhang, Jian-Lan Xie, Xiao-Ge Zhou, Department of Pathology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China
Author contributions: Zheng XD collected the data, reviewed the literature, and drafted the manuscript; Xie JL analyzed and interpreted the imaging findings; Zhang YL and Zhou XG were responsible for the revision of the manuscript for important intellectual content; all authors issued final approval for the version to be submitted.
Informed consent statement: Informed written consent was obtained from the patient for publication of this report and any accompanying images.
Conflict-of-interest statement: All authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
CARE Checklist (2016) statement: The authors have read the CARE Checklist (2016), and the manuscript was prepared and revised according to the CARE Checklist (2016).
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Yan-Lin Zhang, MD, Doctor, Department of Pathology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 95, Yong’an Road, Xicheng District, Beijing 100050, China. zyl84131421@163.com
Received: January 18, 2020
Peer-review started: January 18, 2020
First decision: February 26, 2020
Revised: April 3, 2020
Accepted: April 8, 2020
Article in press: April 8, 2020
Published online: April 26, 2020
Processing time: 97 Days and 3.9 Hours
Abstract
BACKGROUND

We describe the case of a 74-year-old man diagnosed with primary cutaneous mantle cell lymphoma (MCL), an extremely rare and controversial condition that is not included in the World Health Organization-European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer classification for cutaneous lymphomas.

CASE SUMMARY

The patient presented diffuse cutaneous erythematous plaques and nodules throughout the body. Skin lesions were biopsied and histopathological examination showed diffuse monomorphic lymphocyte infiltration in the dermal and subcutaneous layers, sparing the epidermis. Immunohistochemical staining revealed CD20, cyclin-D1, CD5, and SOX-11 expression. Fluorescence in situ hybridization showed CCND1/IGH gene rearrangement. Correct diagnosis of primary cutaneous MCL requires ensuring that no other parts are involved; these cases require close follow-up to monitor their possible progression to systemic disease and for treating relapsed cutaneous disease. In this case, positron emission tomography scanning and clinical staging revealed no systemic involvement, and follow-up examination at 20 mo after diagnosis showed no evidence of systemic disease. The prognosis of primary cutaneous MCL is relatively good. Our patient received six cycles of chemotherapy, and the cutaneous manifestations presented almost complete remission.

CONCLUSION

Primary cutaneous MCL is rare, and its prognosis is relatively favorable. However, correct diagnosis is a prerequisite for proper treatment.

Keywords: Primary; Cutaneous; Mantle cell lymphoma; Diagnosis; Treatment; Prognosis; Case report

Core tip: Primary cutaneous mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is rare and has been the subject of isolated case reports. To correctly diagnose primary cutaneous MCL, it must be ensured that no other parts are involved, and these cases require close follow-up to monitor the possible progression to systemic disease and treat relapsed cutaneous disease. Correct diagnosis is crucial for clinical treatment and prognosis. The prognosis of primary cutaneous MCL is relatively favorable, and treatment options should comply with the clinical condition of the patient.