Retrospective Study
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2019. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Clin Cases. May 26, 2019; 7(10): 1103-1110
Published online May 26, 2019. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v7.i10.1103
Analysis of 24 patients with Achenbach's syndrome
Fatih Ada, Ferit Kasimzade
Fatih Ada, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Sivas Cumhuriyet University School of Medicine, Sivas 58140, Turkey
Ferit Kasimzade, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Turkiye Yuksek Ihtisas Training and Research Hospital, Ankara 06100, Turkey
Author contributions: Ada F designed and performed the research and wrote the paper; Kasimzade F provided clinical advice and contributed to the analysis.
Institutional review board statement: This study was reviewed and approved by the Local Ethics Committee of the Sivas Cumhuriyet University.
Informed consent statement: All patients gave informed consent.
Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors declare that they have no conflict-of-interests.
Data sharing statement: No additional data are available.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Fatih Ada, PhD, Assistant Professor, Cardiovascular Surgeon, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Sivas Cumhuriyet University School of Medicine, Merkez, Sivas 58140, Turkey. drfatihada@gmail.com
Telephone: +90-346-2191010
Received: January 15, 2019
Peer-review started: January 15, 2019
First decision: March 10, 2019
Revised: April 29, 2019
Accepted: May 1, 2019
Article in press: May 1, 2019
Published online: May 26, 2019
Processing time: 131 Days and 11.9 Hours
Abstract
BACKGROUND

Achenbach’s syndrome is a rare condition, and the etiology is unknown. It is most commonly seen in the volar plate of the hand distal interphalangeal joint. Patients diagnosed with Achenbach’s syndrome in cardiovascular surgery clinic were retrospectively compared with the literature.

AIM

To investigate the symptoms, findings, sociodemographic conditions, and laboratory data of patients diagnosed with Achenbach’s syndrome.

METHODS

The study is a retrospective review of 24 patients diagnosed with Achenbach’s syndrome at Afyonkarahisar State Hospital between March 2015 and November 2016, at Sivas Numune Hospital between November 2016 and November 2017, and at Cumhuriyet University Cardiovascular Surgery Department between November 2017 and November 2018. In the study, demographic characteristics of the patients, signs and symptoms of the disease, and laboratory data were analyzed retrospectively.

RESULTS

The cohort consisted of 83.33% female patients and 16.67% male patients. The disease was most commonly located in the index finger of the right hand. All of the patients complained of bruising and pain. No pathologic findings were present in the laboratory results. According to these results, it can be concluded that Achenbach syndrome is most commonly seen in the right index finger of middle-aged female patients.

CONCLUSION

Further research is needed to clarify Achenbach’s syndrome and to develop a diagnosis and treatment algorithm. As the awareness of this syndrome increases, large amounts of data will be obtained. According to current knowledge, Achenbach’s syndrome is not among the known causes of mortality or morbidity. However, it is unknown whether it is seen in brain or other vital organs.

Keywords: Achenbach’s syndrome; Blue thumb; Digital hematoma; Digital hemorrhage; Hand; Pulse oximeter

Core tip: The etiology of Achenbach’s syndrome is not clearly known. This disease is often seen on the volar surface of fingers. Blue-colored finger and sudden onset pain are the most common symptoms. No morbidity and mortality have been reported in this syndrome. However, there is little awareness of the disease. This study showed that this syndrome is most commonly seen in the index finger of middle-aged female patients. Further studies are needed to explain Achenbach’s syndrome pathogenesis and to define a diagnostic and therapeutic algorithm.