Published online Oct 6, 2018. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v6.i11.477
Peer-review started: June 11, 2018
First decision: June 20, 2018
Revised: July 30, 2018
Accepted: August 12, 2018
Article in press: August 12, 2018
Published online: October 6, 2018
Myeloid sarcoma (MS) is a type of extramedullary solid haematological tumour. Myeloid sarcoma is classified into two types based on whether onset of the disease is complicated by haematologic diseases: extramedullary infiltration of leukaemia (leukaemic MS) and isolated myeloid sarcoma. The incidence of isolated myeloid sarcoma is low. In particular, isolated myeloid sarcoma involving the pancreas is extremely rare and prone to misdiagnosis. This case report describes the long and eventful diagnostic process of a case of myeloid sarcoma involving the pancreas and orbit. Due to a lack of typical clinical manifestations and imaging characteristics, the patient underwent several rounds of treatment without a confirmed diagnosis. Eventually, the final diagnosis was pathologically confirmed using several types of biopsies and immunohistochemical detection. To date, this type of disease has not been reported in the literature. This case report describes the detailed diagnostic process and discusses the strategies used for diagnosis, which will facilitate the diagnosis of such diseases in the future.
Core tip: Although isolated myeloid sarcoma is difficult to diagnose, multi-site lesions provide indications for diagnosis. This case report describes isolated myeloid sarcoma occurring in both the pancreas and the orbit.