Shrivastav D, Singh DD. Emerging roles of microRNAs as diagnostics and potential therapeutic interest in type 2 diabetes mellitus. World J Clin Cases 2024; 12(3): 525-537 [PMID: 38322458 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v12.i3.525]
Corresponding Author of This Article
Desh Deepak Singh, PhD, Associate Professor, Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Rajasthan, SP-1, Kant Kalwar, RIICO Industrial Area, NH-11C, Jaipur 303002, Rajasthan, India. ddsbms@gmail.com
Research Domain of This Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Article-Type of This Article
Systematic Reviews
Open-Access Policy of This Article
This article is an open-access article which was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
World J Clin Cases. Jan 26, 2024; 12(3): 525-537 Published online Jan 26, 2024. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v12.i3.525
Emerging roles of microRNAs as diagnostics and potential therapeutic interest in type 2 diabetes mellitus
Dharmsheel Shrivastav, Desh Deepak Singh
Dharmsheel Shrivastav, Desh Deepak Singh, Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Rajasthan, Jaipur 303002, India
Author contributions: Shrivastav D and Singh DD design and written the manuscript and all data were generated in-house and that no paper mill was used.
Conflict-of-interest statement: All the authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
PRISMA 2009 Checklist statement: The authors have read the PRISMA 2009 Checklist, and the manuscript was prepared and revised according to the PRISMA 2009 Checklist.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Desh Deepak Singh, PhD, Associate Professor, Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Rajasthan, SP-1, Kant Kalwar, RIICO Industrial Area, NH-11C, Jaipur 303002, Rajasthan, India. ddsbms@gmail.com
Received: November 7, 2023 Peer-review started: November 7, 2023 First decision: December 15, 2023 Revised: December 18, 2023 Accepted: January 3, 2024 Article in press: January 3, 2024 Published online: January 26, 2024
Abstract
BACKGROUND
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a metabolic disease of impaired glucose utilization. Uncontrolled high sugar levels lead to advanced glycation end products (AGEs), which affects several metabolic pathways by its receptor of advanced glycation end products (RAGE) and causes diabetic complication. MiRNAs are small RNA molecules which regulate genes linked to diabetes and affect AGEs pathogenesis, and target tissues, influencing health and disease processes.
AIM
To explore miRNA roles in T2DM's metabolic pathways for potential therapeutic and diagnostic advancements in diabetes complications.
METHODS
We systematically searched the electronic database PubMed using keywords. We included free, full-length research articles that evaluate the role of miRNAs in T2DM and its complications, focusing on genetic and molecular disease mechanisms. After assessing the full-length papers of the shortlisted articles, we included 12 research articles.
RESULTS
Several types of miRNAs are linked in metabolic pathways which are affected by AGE/RAGE axis in T2DM and its complications. miR-96-5p, miR-7-5p, miR-132, has_circ_0071106, miR-143, miR-21, miR-145-5p, and more are associated with various aspects of T2DM, including disease risk, diagnostic markers, complications, and gene regulation.
CONCLUSION
Targeting the AGE/RAGE axis, with a focus on miRNA regulation, holds promise for managing T2DM and its complications. MiRNAs have therapeutic potential as they can influence the metabolic pathways affected by AGEs and RAGE, potentially reducing inflammation, oxidative stress, and vascular complications. Additionally, miRNAs may serve as early diagnostic biomarkers for T2DM. Further research in this area may lead to innovative therapeutic strategies for diabetes and its associated complications.
Core Tip: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a worldwide problem characterized by uncontrolled hyperglycemia. In T2DM, elevated glucose bound proteins and leading to formation advanced glycation end products. miRNAs play a major role in gene regulation of different proteins which are involved in various metabolic pathways including nuclear factor kappa beta, protein kinase C, and phosphoinositide-3-kinase–protein kinase B/Akt which are responsible for blood glucose and insulin secretion and T2DM. The target of these miRNA changes the regulation of metabolic pathways which can reduce oxidative stress and inflammation. So, the modulate the regulation of these miRNA could be possible approach of the treatment of T2DM.
