Meta-Analysis
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2024. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Clin Cases. Aug 6, 2024; 12(22): 5094-5107
Published online Aug 6, 2024. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v12.i22.5094
Meta-analysis of the association between chronic periodontitis and chronic kidney disease
Fu Yang, Cheng-Jun Shu, Cai-Jun Wang, Ke Chen
Fu Yang, Cheng-Jun Shu, Cai-Jun Wang, Ke Chen, Department of Stomatology, Yuyao People’s Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Yuyao 315400, Zhejiang Province, China
Author contributions: Chen K designed the study; Yang F and Shu CJ performed the research and reviewed the literature; Yang F and Wang CJ analyzed the data; Yang F and Chen K wrote the manuscript; All authors have read and approved the final manuscript.
Conflict-of-interest statement: All the authors report no relevant conflicts of interest for this article.
PRISMA 2009 Checklist statement: The authors have read the PRISMA 2009 Checklist, and the manuscript was prepared and revised according to the PRISMA 2009 Checklist.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Ke Chen, BMed, Associate Chief Physician, Department of Stomatology, Yuyao People’s Hospital of Zhejiang Province, No. 800 East Road, Yuyao 315400, Zhejiang Province, China. 15867525640@163. com
Received: May 3, 2024
Revised: June 3, 2024
Accepted: June 17, 2024
Published online: August 6, 2024
Processing time: 59 Days and 10.3 Hours
Abstract
BACKGROUND

Many scholars have performed several clinical studies have investigated the association between chronic periodontitis (CP) and chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, there are still differences between these research results, and there is no unified conclusion. Therefore, a systematic review is required to understand this issue fully.

AIM

To explore the correlation between CP and CKD.

METHODS

Literature on the correlation between CP and CKD, as well as the clinical attachment level (CAL) and pocket probing depth (PPD) of CKD and non-CKD, were retrieved from PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, and Web of Science repositories until January 2024. After the effective data were extracted, data processing and statistics were performed using Stata 12.0.

RESULTS

Of the 22 studies, 13 were related to CP and CKD, and 9 reported CAL and PPD in patients with CKD and healthy controls. Meta-analysis of the correlation between CP and CKD revealed that CKD probability in people with CP was 1. 54 times that of healthy individuals [relative risk = 1.54, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.40–1.70], and CP incidence in patients with CKD was 1. 98 times that of healthy individuals [overall risk (OR) = 1.98, 95%CI: 1.53–2.57]. Meta-analysis of CAL and PPD evaluations between CKD patients and healthy individuals showed that CAL and PPD levels were higher in CKD patients [standard mean difference (SMD) of CAL = 0.65, 95%CI: 0.29–1.01; SMD of PPD = 0.33, 95%CI: 0.02–0.63].

CONCLUSION

A bidirectional association exists between CP and CKD. CKD risk is increased in CP patients and vice versa. Periodontal tissue or tooth loss risks increase over time in CKD patients.

Keywords: Chronic periodontitis, Chronic kidney disease, Correlation, Meta-analysis

Core Tip: The occurrence and development of chronic periodontitis (CP) is often associated with other systemic diseases. However, the relationship between CP and chronic kidney disease (CKD) remains controversial, and there are still differences among relevant research results from many scholars with no unified conclusion. Based on this, we conducted a meta-analysis of the existing studies on the correlation between CP and CKD, and the results of 22 studies proved that CP is closely related to the incidence of CKD. Over time, patients with CKD are at increased risk of periodontal tissue destruction and tooth loss.