Li SH, Yang CX, Xing XM, Gao XR, Lu ZY, Ji QX. Myeloid sarcoma with maxillary gingival swelling as the initial symptom: A case report and review of literature. World J Clin Cases 2024; 12(19): 3985-3994 [PMID: 38994293 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v12.i19.3985]
Corresponding Author of This Article
Qiu-Xia Ji, Doctor, Professor, Department of Periodontology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 16 Jiangsu Road, Qing dao 266003, Shandong Province, China. jqx_1@qdu.edu.cn
Research Domain of This Article
Pathology
Article-Type of This Article
Case Report
Open-Access Policy of This Article
This article is an open-access article which was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Shu-Han Li, Cai-Xiu Yang, Xiang-Ru Gao, Zhao-Yu Lu, Qiu-Xia Ji, Department of Periodontology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, Shandong Province, China
Shu-Han Li, Cai-Xiu Yang, Xiang-Ru Gao, Zhao-Yu Lu, Qiu-Xia Ji, Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, Shandong Province, China
Xiao-Ming Xing, Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, Shandong Province, China
Author contributions: Li SH contributed to conception, design, drafted, and critically revised the manuscript; Yang CX and Xing XM contributed to acquisition, and drafted the manuscript; Gao XR and Lu ZY contributed to acquisition, analysis, and drafted the manuscript; Ji QX contributed to conception, design, acquisition, analysis, interpretation, and critically revised the manuscript; all authors gave their final approval and agree to be accountable for all aspects of the work.
Supported byThe Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province, No. ZR2019MH003.
Informed consent statement: The involved person gave informed consent prior to study inclusion.
Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors have stated explicitly that there are no conflicts of interest in connection with this article.
CARE Checklist (2016) statement: The authors have read the CARE Checklist (2016), and the manuscript was prepared and revised according to the CARE Checklist (2016).
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Qiu-Xia Ji, Doctor, Professor, Department of Periodontology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 16 Jiangsu Road, Qing dao 266003, Shandong Province, China. jqx_1@qdu.edu.cn
Received: March 3, 2024 Revised: April 25, 2024 Accepted: May 7, 2024 Published online: July 6, 2024 Processing time: 118 Days and 3.1 Hours
Abstract
BACKGROUND
Myeloid sarcoma (MS), also referred to as granulocytic sarcoma or chloroma, is a rare type of extramedullary malignant tumor. MS comprises primitive granulocytic precursor cells that play a key role in the early stages of white blood cell development. Notably, the occurrence of this tumor in the gingiva is rare.
CASE SUMMARY
The present study reported the case of MS with gingival swelling in the maxillary region, with aleukemic presentation in a 32-year-old male patient. Following two courses of chemotherapy, computed tomography of the region demonstrated complete clearance of the tumor. At the 12-month follow-up appointment, the patient was in a stable condition with the absence of progression. The etiology, clinical features, diagnosis, and relevant treatment of MS are discussed in the present study.
CONCLUSION
Diagnosis of MS may be confirmed following histological and immunohistochemical examinations.
Core Tip: We report a rare case of myeloid sarcoma (MS) with maxillary gingival swelling as the initial symptom. In this case, histopathological and immunohistochemical analyses showed diffuse infiltration of myeloperoxidase-positive neoplastic cells with 80% Ki-67 staining, indicating MS. Flow cytometry revealed a predominance of granulocytes without distinct B-cell or T-cell markers, supporting the diagnosis. Absence of CD20 and CD3 markers lessened lymphoma likelihood, confirming the lesion's hematopoietic nature.
