Case Report
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2023. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Clin Cases. Mar 6, 2023; 11(7): 1642-1649
Published online Mar 6, 2023. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v11.i7.1642
Primary yolk sac tumor in the abdominal wall in a 20-year-old woman: A case report
Yuan Wang, Jing Yang
Yuan Wang, Jing Yang, Department of Pathology, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121001, Liaoning Province, China
Author contributions: Wang Y contributed to manuscript preparation and published work; Yang J contributed to data acquisition and analysis.
Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 82103624 to Wang Y); and Horizontal Project of Jinzhou Medical University (Grant No. STC-2S21094 to Yang J).
Informed consent statement: Informed written consent was obtained from the patient for publication of this report and any accompanying images.
Conflict-of-interest statement: All the authors report no relevant conflicts of interest for this article.
CARE Checklist (2016) statement: The authors have read CARE Checklist (2016), and the manuscript was prepared and revised according to CARE Checklist (2016).
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Jing Yang, MD, Professor, Department of Pathology, Jinzhou Medical University, No. 40, Section 3, Songpo Road, Jinzhou 121001, Liaoning Province, China. yangjing01@jzmu.edu.cn
Received: December 5, 2022
Peer-review started: December 5, 2022
First decision: January 12, 2023
Revised: January 19, 2023
Accepted: February 16, 2023
Article in press: February 16, 2023
Published online: March 6, 2023
Processing time: 87 Days and 1 Hours
Abstract
BACKGROUND

Extragonadal yolk sac tumors (YSTs) are rare, with only a low reported tumor occurrence outside the gonads locally and abroad. Extragonadal YSTs are usually a diagnostic challenge, because they are infrequent, but also because a thoughtful and detailed differential diagnostic process must be performed.

CASE SUMMARY

Here we present a case of an abdominal wall YST in a 20-year-old woman admitted with a tumor in the lower abdomen close to the umbilicus. The tumorectomy was performed. The histological examination revealed characteristic findings such as Schiller-Duval bodies, loose reticular structures, papillary structures, and eosinophilic globules. According to the immunohistochemical staining, the tumor tissue was positive for broad-spectrum cytokeratin, Spalt-like transcription factor 4, glypican-3, CD117, and epithelial membrane antigen. Based on the clinical information, histological features, and immunohistochemical staining profile, the tumor was diagnosed as a YST present in the abdominal wall.

CONCLUSION

Based on the clinical information, histological features, and immunohistochemical staining profile described above, the tumor was diagnosed as a primary YST in the abdominal wall.

Keywords: Yolk sac tumor; Abdominal wall; 20-year-old woman; Case report

Core Tip: Extragonadal yolk sac tumors (YSTs) are usually a diagnostic challenge, because they are infrequent, but also because a thoughtful and detailed differential diagnostic process must be performed. In this case, since the tumor presented classic yolk sac tumor features, and immunohistochemistry was concordant, the diagnostic process was more straightforward, but not simplistic. And this is the first reported case of a primary YST in the abdominal wall of an adult.