Retrospective Study
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2023. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Clin Cases. Oct 6, 2023; 11(28): 6725-6732
Published online Oct 6, 2023. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v11.i28.6725
Efficacy and anti-inflammatory analysis of glucocorticoid, antihistamine and leukotriene receptor antagonist in the treatment of allergic rhinitis
Chen Qiu, Dai Feng
Chen Qiu, Department of Pharmacy, Hongshan District Health Service Center, Wuhan 430000, Hubei Province, China
Dai Feng, Department of Ear-Nose-Throat, Wuchang Hospital Affiliated to Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430063, Hubei Province, China
Author contributions: Qiu C and Feng D contributed equally to this work; Feng D conceived and designed the experiments; Qiu C and Feng D selected the literature, extracted data and analyzed it; Feng D and Qiu C wrote the manuscript.
Institutional review board statement: All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.
Informed consent statement: This study is a retrospective study, therefore informed consent forms are exempted.
Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors declare no competing financial interest.
Data sharing statement: The datasets used and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Chen Qiu, MD, Doctor, Department of Pharmacy, Hongshan District Health Service Center, No. 70 Nanhu Road, Hongshan District, Wuhan 430000, Hubei Province, China. qc07200@163.com
Received: August 1, 2023
Peer-review started: August 1, 2023
First decision: August 16, 2023
Revised: August 29, 2023
Accepted: September 5, 2023
Article in press: September 5, 2023
Published online: October 6, 2023
Processing time: 55 Days and 10.2 Hours
Abstract
BACKGROUND

There are many adverse reactions in the treatment of allergic rhinitis (AR) mainly with conventional drugs. Leukotriene receptor antagonists, glucocorticoids and nasal antihistamines can all be used as first-line drugs for AR, but the clinical effects of the three drugs are not clear.

AIM

To examine the impact of glucocorticoids, antihistamines, and leukotriene receptor antagonists on individuals diagnosed with AR, specifically focusing on their influence on serum inflammatory indexes.

METHODS

The present retrospective study focused on the clinical data of 80 patients diagnosed and treated for AR at our hospital between May 2019 and May 2021. The participants were categorized into the control group and the observation group. The control group received leukotriene receptor antagonists, while the observation group was administered glucocorticoids and antihistamines. Conducted an observation and comparison of the symptoms, physical sign scores, adverse reactions, and effects on serum inflammatory indexes in two distinct groups of patients, both before and after treatment.

RESULTS

Subsequent to treatment, the nasal itching score, sneeze score, runny nose score, nasal congestion score, and physical signs score exhibited notable discrepancies (P < 0.05), with the observation group demonstrating superior outcomes compared to the control group (P < 0.05). The interleukin (IL)-6, IL-10, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, Soluble Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1, Leukotriene D4 after treatment were significantly different and the observation group It is better than the control group, which is statistically significant (P < 0.05). Following the intervention, the incidence of adverse reactions in the observation group, including symptoms such as nasal dryness, discomfort in the throat, bitter taste in the mouth, and minor erosion of the nasal mucosa, was found to be 7.5%. This rate was significantly lower compared to the control group, which reported an incidence of 27.5%. The difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSION

Glucocorticoids and antihistamines have obvious therapeutic effects, reduce serum inflammatory index levels, relieve symptoms and signs of patients, and promote patients' recovery, which can provide a reference for clinical treatment of AR.

Keywords: Glucocorticoid; Histamine; Leukotriene receptor antagonist; Allergic rhinitis; Serum inflammatory index

Core Tip: Glucocorticoid, antihistamine and leukotriene receptor antagonist are good therapeutic agents for allergic rhinitis (AR) at present, which can avoid the adverse reactions caused by conventional drug treatment. The purpose of this paper is to explore the synergistic effect of these three drugs in the treatment of AR by combining them. The results show that glucocorticoid and antihistamine have obvious therapeutic effects and are worth popularizing widely in clinic.