Published online Aug 26, 2022. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v10.i24.8656
Peer-review started: January 20, 2022
First decision: May 11, 2022
Revised: May 23, 2022
Accepted: July 22, 2022
Article in press: July 22, 2022
Published online: August 26, 2022
Processing time: 207 Days and 21.1 Hours
Hypovolemic shock can lead to life-threatening organ dysfunction, and adequate fluid administration is a fundamental therapy. Traditionally, parameters such as vital signs, central venous pressure, and urine output have been used to estimate intravascular volume. Recently, pulse pressure variation (PPV) and non-invasive cardiac monitoring devices have been introduced. In this case report, we introduce a patient with massive active bleeding from giant renal angiomyolipoma (AML). During emergent nephrectomy, we used non-invasive cardiac monitoring with CSN-1901 (Nihon Kohden, Tokyo, Japan) and PPV to evaluate the patient's intravascular volume status to achieve optimal fluid management.
A 30-year-old male patient with giant AML with active bleeding was referred to the emergency room complaining of severe abdominal pain and spontaneous abdominal distension. AML was diagnosed by computed tomography, and emergent nephrectomy was scheduled. Massive bleeding was expected so we decided to use non-invasive cardiac monitoring and PPV to assist fluid therapy because they are relatively easy and fast compared to invasive cardiac monitoring. During the surgery, 6000 mL of estimated blood loss occurred. Along with the patient's vital signs and laboratory results, we monitored cardiac output, cardiac output, stroke volume, stroke volume index with a non-invasive cardiac monitoring device, and PPV using an intra-arterial catheter to evaluate intra
In addition to traditional parameters, non-invasive cardiac monitoring and PPV are useful methods to evaluate patient's intravascular volume status and provide guidance for intraoperative management of hypovolemic shock patients.
Core Tip: We present a giant ruptured renal angiomyolipoma (> 20 cm) with active bleeding. Emergent operation was performed. The successful fluid management was carried with pulse pressure variation and noninvasive cardiac output monitoring.