Published online May 16, 2022. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v10.i14.4617
Peer-review started: October 20, 2021
First decision: February 14, 2022
Revised: February 23, 2022
Accepted: March 16, 2022
Article in press: March 16, 2022
Published online: May 16, 2022
Processing time: 204 Days and 17.7 Hours
Moyamoya disease is essentially an ischemic cerebrovascular disease. Here, we describe a case of acute recurrent cerebral infarction caused by moyamoya disease with concurrent adenomyosis which, to our knowledge, is the first in the literature. A literature review is also presented.
A 38-year-old female presented to the Research and Treatment Center of Moyamoya Disease in our hospital with "left limb weakness" as the main symptom. She was diagnosed with acute cerebral infarction and moyamoya disease through magnetic resonance imaging and digital subtraction angiography. Prior to this, she had experienced a prolonged menstrual period of one-month duration. This was investigated and adenomyosis was diagnosed. After passing the acute cerebral infarction phase, the patient underwent surgery for adenomyosis followed by combined cerebral revascularization. During the postoperative follow-up, improvements of the perfusion imaging stage and modified Rankin Scale were observed. A review of the literature showed only 16 reported cases of gynecological diseases complicated with stroke. The clinical characteristics, pathogenesis, therapeutic effects, and long-term prognosis of these cases have been studied and discussed.
In patients with moyamoya disease, early management of gynecological-related bleeding disorders is essential to prevent the complications of cerebral events.
Core Tip: For women with moyamoya disease, several factors may contribute further to the increased risk of stroke. Based on our report, abnormal uterine bleeding caused by gynecological diseases is a rare risk factor. In the literature to date, there is no case study on acute recurrent cerebral infarction caused by moyamoya disease combined with adenomyosis. Our case report represented the first, with detailed description of the sequence, safety, and long-term outcomes of the treatment.