Case Report
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2022. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Clin Cases. May 16, 2022; 10(14): 4608-4616
Published online May 16, 2022. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v10.i14.4608
Primary sigmoid squamous cell carcinoma with liver metastasis: A case report
Xin-Yang Li, Gen Teng, Xing Zhao, Cui-Min Zhu
Xin-Yang Li, Gen Teng, Cui-Min Zhu, Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Chengde 067000, Hebei Province, China
Xing Zhao, Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Chengde 067000, Hebei Province, China
Author contributions: Li XY was responsible for follow-up of the patient, reviewed the literature and contributed to drafting the manuscript; Teng G was responsible for follow-up of the patient; Zhao X was the pathologist involved in the patient’s diagnosis; Zhu CM was responsible for revision of the manuscript for important intellectual content, contributed to manuscript drafting and revision; all authors approved the final version of the paper prior to submission.
Supported by Hebei Province Talent Training Project, No. A201902016.
Informed consent statement: Informed written consent was obtained from the patient for publication of this report and any accompanying images.
Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
CARE Checklist (2016) statement: The authors have read the CARE Checklist (2016), and the manuscript was prepared and revised according to the CARE Checklist (2016).
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Cui-Min Zhu, MM, Associate Chief Doctor, Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, No. 36 Nanyingzi Street, Chengde 067000, Hebei Province, China. minminzhu1006@163.com
Received: October 19, 2021
Peer-review started: October 19, 2021
First decision: January 24, 2022
Revised: March 25, 2022
Accepted: March 25, 2022
Article in press: March 25, 2022
Published online: May 16, 2022
Processing time: 205 Days and 22.8 Hours
Abstract
BACKGROUND

The pathological type of simple squamous carcinoma in colorectal malignancies is rare. Simple squamous cell carcinoma of the colorectum occurs most frequently in the rectum. The clinicopathological features and biological behaviors of squamous colorectal carcinoma are unclear, and its prognosis may be worse than that of simple adenocarcinoma. Studies on squamous colorectal cancer are currently limited to case reports, and there is no standard treatment protocol. Therefore, more case reports are required to fully understand squamous colorectal cancer.

CASE SUMMARY

We reported the case of a 56-year-old woman who complained of constipation for 2 years. Colonoscopy revealed a sigmoid colon tumor, and the pathological result of colonoscopy was squamous carcinoma. After completing the relevant assessment, the patient was clinically diagnosed with cT4aN0M0, stage IIB, and surgery was performed. Based on postoperative pathological results, the patient was diagnosed with pT4bN0M0, stage IIC. Six cycles of adjuvant chemotherapy were administered after surgery. Liver metastasis and abdominal wall mass were found more than 1 mo after the end of the last chemotherapy session. Targeted local treatment was not performed because the liver had multiple metastases, but I125 particle implantation of the abdominal wall mass was performed. Two cycles of first-line chemotherapy were administered after the surgery. The patient underwent 14 mo of treatment and eventually died from the tumor.

CONCLUSION

Squamous carcinoma of sigmoid colon is a rare tumor with unclear pathogenesis. Its clinicopathological diagnosis should be paid close attention.

Keywords: Colon malignancies; Sigmoid colon; Squamous carcinoma; Liver metastases; Case report

Core Tip: Simple squamous cell carcinoma of colorectal cancer is very rare, especially when it occurs in the sigmoid colon. Squamous colon cancer appears to have a worse prognosis than adenocarcinoma and there are no standard treatment options. The case also had liver metastases, which may also have some impact on the prognosis. We need more reports to understand its prognosis and treatment.