Retrospective Study
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2021. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Gastrointest Surg. Oct 27, 2021; 13(10): 1258-1266
Published online Oct 27, 2021. doi: 10.4240/wjgs.v13.i10.1258
Development and validation of a prediction model for deep vein thrombosis in older non-mild acute pancreatitis patients
Du-Jiang Yang, Mao Li, Chao Yue, Wei-Ming Hu, Hui-Min Lu
Du-Jiang Yang, Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China
Mao Li, Chao Yue, Wei-Ming Hu, Hui-Min Lu, Department of Pancreatic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China
Author contributions: Yang DJ, Li M, and Lu HM contributed to conception and design; Yang DJ, Li M, Yue C, and Hu WM contributed to collection and analysis data; Yang DJ wrote the manuscript; Lu HM revised the manuscript.
Supported by The Sichuan Provincial Department of Science and Technology Supporting Project, No. 2018SZ0381; and 1.3.5 project for disciplines of excellence, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. ZYJC18027.
Institutional review board statement: This study was reviewed and approved by the Institutional Ethics Committee of the West China Hospital.
Informed consent statement: For retrospective study, informed consent was waived according to our institutional guideline.
Conflict-of-interest statement: There are no conflicts of interest to disclose.
Data sharing statement: No additional data are available.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Hui-Min Lu, PhD, Professor, Department of Pancreatic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 Guoxue Alley, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China. hm.lu@scu.edu.cn
Received: May 20, 2021
Peer-review started: May 20, 2021
First decision: June 22, 2021
Revised: July 1, 2021
Accepted: September 19, 2021
Article in press: September 19, 2021
Published online: October 27, 2021
Abstract
BACKGROUND

Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) may cause pulmonary embolus, leading to late deaths. The systemic inflammatory and hypercoagulable state of moderate and severe acute pancreatitis (non-mild acute pancreatitis, NMAP) patients may contribute to the development of venous thromboembolism. Accurate prediction of DVT is conducive to clinical decisions.

AIM

To develop and validate a potential new prediction nomogram model for the occurrence of DVT in NMAP.

METHODS

NMAP patient admission between 2013.1.1 and 2018.12.31 at the West China Hospital of Sichuan University was collected. A total of 220 patients formed the training set for nomogram development, and a validation set was constructed using bootstrapping with 100 resamplings. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to estimate independent risk factors associated with DVT. The independent risk factors were included in the nomogram. The accuracy and utility of the nomogram were evaluated by calibration curve and decision curve analysis, respectively.

RESULTS

A total of 220 NMAP patients over 60 years old were enrolled for this analysis. DVT was detected in 80 (36.4%) patients. The final nomogram included age, sex, surgery times, D-dimer, neutrophils, any organ failure, blood culture, and classification. This model achieved good concordance indexes of 0.827 (95%CI: 0.769-0.885) and 0.803 (95%CI: 0.743-0.860) in the training and validation sets, respectively.

CONCLUSION

We developed and validated a prediction nomogram model for DVT in older patients with NMAP. This may help guide doctors in making sound decisions regarding the administration of DVT prophylaxis.

Keywords: Acute pancreatitis, Deep vein thrombosis, Prediction model, Bootstrap, Nomogram, Discrimination and calibration

Core Tip: Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) may cause pulmonary embolus, leading to late death. Few studies have focused on DVT in moderate and severe acute pancreatitis. We identified eight predictors and developed and established a prediction nomogram model for DVT in older patients with moderate and severe acute pancreatitis. This model achieved good concordance indexes and may help guide doctors in the administration of DVT prophylaxis.