Published online Jun 26, 2023. doi: 10.4252/wjsc.v15.i6.561
Peer-review started: January 7, 2023
First decision: April 10, 2023
Revised: April 22, 2023
Accepted: May 16, 2023
Article in press: May 16, 2023
Published online: June 26, 2023
Processing time: 170 Days and 11.8 Hours
The high incidence and disability rates of stroke pose a heavy burden on society. Inflammation is a significant pathological reaction that occurs after an ischemic stroke. Currently, therapeutic methods, except for intravenous thrombolysis and vascular thrombectomy, have limited time windows. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can migrate, differentiate, and inhibit inflammatory immune responses. Exosomes (Exos), which are secretory vesicles, have the characteristics of the cells from which they are derived, making them attractive targets for research in recent years. MSC-derived exosomes can attenuate the inflammatory response caused by cerebral stroke by modulating damage-associated molecular patterns. In this review, research on the inflammatory response mechanisms associated with Exos therapy after an ischemic injury is discussed to provide a new approach to clinical treatment.
Core Tip: Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosome (MSC-Exos) transplantation is a novel treatment method for ischemic stroke that exhibits certain achievements in trials. Here, we review the strategies developed for MSC-Exos in the neuroinflammatory response of patients with stroke and provide potential therapeutic targets. These methods provide new insights for the future clinical application of MSC-Exos in the treatment of ischemic stroke.