Measurement of biological age may help to assess the risk of colorectal adenoma in screening colonoscopy

Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the subjects

	All subjects (n = 2696)
	Chronological age	Biological age
Age [median (P25-P75), yr]	46.0 (39.0-54.0)	44.7 (38.2-53.1)
Gender
Male	1876	(69.6)
Female	820	(30.4)
High blood pressure
Yes (%)	544	(20.2)
No (%)	2152	(79.8)
Total cholesterol (mg/dL)	193.00	(172.00-217.75)
LDL cholesterol (mg/dL)	118.00	(99.00-141.00)
HDL cholesterol (mg/dL)	53.00	(45.0-64.00)
Triglyceride (mg/dL)	98.00	(66.00-152.00)
Fasting glucose (mg/dL)	85.00	(79.00-92.00)
HbA1c	5.40	(5.20-5.70)
CEA	1.55	(1.00-2.38)
Metabolic syndrome
Yes	218	(8.1)
No	2478	(91.9)

Data expressed as median (P₂₅-P₇₅), or absolute number (%). High blood pressure, ≥ 130/85 mmHg or documented use of antihypertensive therapy. LDL: Low-density lipoprotein; HDL: High-density lipoprotein; HbA1c: Hemoglobin A1c; CEA: Carcinoembryonic antigen.

Table 2 Characteristics of colorectal adenoma in subjects n (%)

	All subjects (n = 2696)
Colorectal adenoma
Yes	622 (23.1)
No	2074 (76.9)
Location
Proximal	489 (18.1)
Distal	244 (9.1)
Both	53 (2.0)
Size (mm)
< 10	714 (26.5)
≥ 10	73 (2.7)
Number
1	484 (18.0)
≥ 2	138 (5.1)

Table 3 Clinical characteristics between biological age-dominant and chronological age-dominant groups

	BA-dominant group (n = 28)	CA-dominant group (n = 76)	P value
Age (yr, mean ± SD)	42.00 (35.25-49.75)	52.00 (43.25-59.00)	0.001
Gender			0.013
Male	25 (89.3)	49 (64.5)
Female	3 (10.3)	27 (35.5)
High blood pressure			< 0.001
Yes (%)	11 (39.3)	6 (7.9)
No (%)	17 (60.7)	70 (92.1)
Fasting glucose (mg/dL)	88.00 (82.00-97.50)	81.00 (75.25-87.00)	< 0.001
HbA1c	5.55 (5.30-5.80)	5.30 (5.20-5.50)	0.001
CEA	1.91 (0.97-3.20)	1.67 (1.03-2.57)	0.858
Metabolic syndrome			< 0.001
Yes	7 (25.0)	1 (1.3)
No	21 (75.0)	75 (98.7)

High blood pressure systolic blood pressure/diastolic blood pressure > 140/90 mmHg. Data expressed as median (P₂₅-P₇₅), or absolute number (%). BA: Biological age; CA: Chronological age; HbA1c: Hemoglobin A1c; CEA: Carcinoembryonic antigen.

Table 4 Colorectal adenoma between biological age-dominant and chronological age-dominant groups n (%)

	BA-dominant group	CA-dominant group	P value
	(n = 28)	(n = 76)
Colorectal adenoma			0.386
Yes	3 (10.7)	15 (19.7)
No	25 (89.3)	61 (80.3)
Location			0.034
Proximal	0 (0.0)	18 (23.7)
Distal	4 (14.3)	6 (7.9)
Both	1 (3.6)	1 (1.3)
Size (mm)			0.088
< 10	3 (10.7)	23 (30.3)
≥ 10	2 (7.1)	2 (2.6)
Number			0.433
1	2 (7.1)	13 (17.1)
≥ 2	1 (3.6)	2 (2.6)

BA: Biological age; CA: Chronological age.