Published online Apr 28, 2020. doi: 10.13105/wjma.v8.i2.89
Peer-review started: December 27, 2019
First decision: January 19, 2020
Revised: February 8, 2020
Accepted: March 19, 2020
Article in press: March 19, 2020
Published online: April 28, 2020
Processing time: 123 Days and 0.2 Hours
The incidence of gastric cardia cancer is increasing around the world. Since the discovery of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori), numerous studies have proved that it is a causative factor for many kinds of digestive system tumors. Although the literature on gastric cardia cancer and H. pylori is not scarce, there are still many controversies on the relationship between gastric cardia cancer and H. pylori. Many Western research results showed that there was a negative or no correlation between H. pylori infection and gastric cardia cancer, but in several studies in Asian countries, such as China, H. pylori was demonstrated to be a risk factor for gastric cardia cancer. Therefore, we intended to analyze the related studies to find out the relationship between H. pylori and gastric cardia cancer and find out the causes of the above controversies. We also conducted a meta-analysis of the relationship between cagA positive expression of H. pylori and gastric cardia cancer, to find out whether there is an effect between those two. The primary purpose of this paper was to explore the relationship between gastric cardia cancer and H. pylori. Through analysis, the study showed the reasons for the controversies mentioned above: (1) Geographical factors could affect the relationship between H. pylori and gastric cardia cancer; (2) The definition of gastric cardia cancer in various studies is inconsistent. The result of a meta-analysis about the relationship between H. pylori virulence factor cagA and gastric cardia cancer showed that there was no relationship between these two.
Core tip: The relationship between gastric cardia cancer and Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is unclear. Therefore, this article focuses on the relationship between gastric cardia cancer and H. pylori and the reasons for this relationship. This paper also discusses the relationship between cagA and gastric cardia cancer, as well as the influence of different colonization sites of H. pylori on gastric cardia cancer and the influence of H. pylori on the prognosis of gastric cardia cancer, and such.