Retroperitoneal laparoscopic partial resection of the renal pelvis for urothelial carcinoma: A case report

Table 1 Tumor recurrence or trocar metastasis after the percutaneous approach

Ref.	Number	Operation	Tumor grade
Rastinehad et al[16]	1	PCN tumor resection	N/A
Treuthardt et al[17]	1	PCN tumor resection + BCG perfusion therapy	High grade
Wang et al[18]	1	Radical nephroureterectomy after PCN biopsy 1 wk	High grade
Oefelein et al[19]	1	PCN tumor resection	Low grade
Fuglsig et al[20]	1	PCN tumor resection	High grade
Sharma et al[21]	1	PCN tumor resection	N/A

BCG: Bacillus Calmette-Guerin; N/A: Not applicable; PCN: Percutaneous nephrostomy.