Etomidate vs propofol in coronary heart disease patients undergoing major noncardiac surgery: A randomized clinical trial

Table 1 Baseline clinical characteristics of the study participants

	Propofol group (n = 40)	Etomidate group (n = 40)	P value
Male sex, n (%)	21 (52.5%)	23 (57.5%)	0.651
Age (years), mean ± SD	56.7 ± 6.6	53.6 ± 6.1	0.452
Weight (kg), mean ± SD	64.6 ± 12.5	66.4 ± 16.3	0.084
Height (cm), mean ± SD	165.7 ± 11.9	163.4 ± 13.3	0.732
Type of surgery, n (%)
Gastrointestinal	26 (65.0%)	23 (57.5%)	0.946
Hepatobiliary	8 (20.0%)	10 (25.0%)	0.783
Thyroid	6 (15.0%)	7 (17.5%)	0.562

SD: Standard deviation.

Table 2 Incidences of cardiovascular events during anesthesia

	Propofol group (n = 40)	Etomidate group (n = 40)	P value
Bradycardia, n (%)	11 (27.5%)	3 (7.5%)	0.037
Tachycardia, n (%)	1 (2.5%)	3 (7.5%)	0.615
Hypotension, n (%)	17 (42.5%)	4 (10.0%)	0.027
ST-T segment changes, n (%)	8 (20.0%)	2 (5.0%)	0.029
Ventricular premature beats, n (%)	11 (27.5%)	3 (7.5%)	0.041

Table 3 Comparison of hemodynamic parameters between groups

	Before anesthesia induction	3 min after anesthetic injection	Just after tracheal intubation	3 min after tracheal intubation	5 min after tracheal intubation
Heart rate (beats/min)
Propofol group	82.6 ± 9.1	58.9 ± 7.1	66.5 ± 9.7	63.2 ± 6.7	68.9 ± 8.8
Etomidate group	79.0 ± 7.3	71.3 ± 9.3	76.5 ± 6.9	71.3 ± 6.4	76.8 ± 5.2
P value	0.223	0.012	0.044	0.253	0.072
SBP (mmHg)
Propofol group	132.7 ± 12.4	89.4 ± 16.3	100.2 ± 13.1	93.1 ± 17.4	103.8 ± 13.2
Etomidate group	129.6 ± 17.2	100.3 ± 19.3	117.5 ± 12.9	112.3 ± 16.4	121.5 ± 15.3
P value	0.813	0.041	0.112	0.214	0.712
DBP (mmHg)
Propofol group	76.7 ± 18.7	62.9 ± 16.3	72.1 ± 16.7	68.6 ± 17.2	70.9 ± 18.4
Etomidate group	79.0 ± 16.1	73.0 ± 16.4	90.8 ± 20.2	91.2 ± 16.3	82.2 ± 15.4
P value	0.60	0.009	0.008	0.02	0.01
MAP (mmHg)
Propofol group	92.6 ± 18.7	68.9 ± 16.1	76.5 ± 16.5	86.2 ± 18.2	80.8 ± 18.2
Etomidate group	95.1 ± 17.2	80.2 ± 16.7	96.3 ± 22.5	93.5 ± 16.4	89.8 ± 15.5
P value	0.69	0.007	0.043	0.012	0.018

Data are presented as the mean ± SD (n = 40 in each group). DBP: Diastolic blood pressure; MAP: Mean arterial pressure; SBP: Systolic blood pressure.

Table 4 Comparison of vasopressor use between groups

	Ephedrine use (mg)		Phenylephrine use (μg)
	Induction	Maintenance	Induction	Maintenance
Propofol group	7.0 ± 1.6	9.8 ± 3.2	17.5 ± 3.8	15.1 ± 1.6
Etomidate group	3.1 ± 2.0	2.6 ± 1.1	6.2 ± 1.3	7.5 ± 2.1
P value	< 0.001	< 0.001	< 0.001	< 0.001

Data are presented as the mean ± SD (n = 40 in each group).

Table 5 Comparison of bispectral index values between groups

	Before anesthesia induction	3 min after anesthetic injection	Just after tracheal intubation	3 min after tracheal intubation	5 min after tracheal intubation
Propofol group	97.0 ± 1.7	46.9 ± 2.1	47.5 ± 1.5	46.2 ± 1.2	46.8 ± 1.8
Etomidate group	97.4 ± 1.20	47.2 ± 1.7	46.5 ± 1.5	44.3 ± 1.4	45.0 ± 1.3
P value	0.91	0.29	0.38	0.32	0.43

Data are presented as the mean ± SD (n = 40 in each group).