Cognitive magnetic resonance imaging-ultrasound fusion transperineal targeted biopsy combined with randomized biopsy in detection of prostate cancer

Table 1 Patients’ characteristics dichotomized by negative and positive biopsy results

	Total cohort	Negative biopsy	Positive biopsy	P value
Patients, n	127	60	67	-
Age (yr), median (IQR)	68 (63-74)	66 (61-70)	70 (65-78)	< 0.001
BMI (kg/m2), median (IQR)	24.8 (22.64-26.54)	24.48 (23.03-26.56)	24.77 (22.49-26.26)	0.466
PSA (ng/ml), median (IQR)	8.51 (5.43-11.40)	7.04 (5.06-11.01)	8.96 (5.81-12.01)	0.056
Prostate volume (cm3), median (IQR)	36.30 (26.80-46.20)	42.67 (31.58-58.23)	32.10 (23.20-39.65)	< 0.001
PSAD (ng/ml/cm3), median (IQR)	0.23 (0.14-0.34)	0.16 (0.12-0.25)	0.30 (0.18-0.43)	< 0.001
Largest dimention (cm), median (IQR)	1.10 (0.70-1.30)	1.05 (0.53-1.28)	1.10 (0.80-1.40)
PI-RADS	4 (3-5)	3 (3-5)	4(3-5)	< 0.001
3 (n/%)	57 (44.9)	46 (76.7)	11 (16.4)
4 (n/%)	41 (32.3)	12 (20.0)	29 (43.3)
5 (n/%)	29 (22.8)	2 (3.3)	27 (40.3)
Location, n (%)				0.054
TZ	41 (32.3)	23 (38.3)	18 (26.9)
PZ	75 (59.1)	35 (58.3)	49 (59.7)
Both	0.054	2 (3.3)	9 (13.4)
Total cores, n, median (IQR)	19 (17-22)	20 (18-22)	18 (15-22)	0.046
Targeted	5 (4-8)	5 (3-8)	6 (4-8)
Randomized	14 (11-16)	14 (12-16)	13 (10-16)

PSA: Prostate-specific antigen; PSAD: PSA density; PI-RADS: Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System; TZ: Transitional zone; PZ: Peripheral zone.

Table 2 Patients’ characteristics dichotomized by clinically significant prostate cancer status

	Non-csPca	csPCa	P value
Patients, n	71	56	-
Age (yr), median (IQR)	66 (62-70)	70 (65-78)	0.001
BMI (kg/m2), median (IQR)	24.50 (23.05-26.70)	24..75 (22.48-25.95)	0.144
PSA (ng/mL), median (IQR)	7.32 (5.16-11.69)	8.88 (5.76-11.14)	0.277
Proatate Volume (mL), median (IQR)	41.02 (30.90-53.50)	31.95 (23.39-39.65)	0.001
PSAD (ng/mL/cm3), median (IQR)	0.18 (0.13-0.26)	0.30 (0.21-0.40)	0.003
Largest dimention (cm), median(IQR)	1.00 (0.60-1.30)	1.10 (0.83-1.48)	0.04
PI-RADS	3 (3-5)	4 (3-5)	0.001
3, n (%)	47 (66.20)	10 (17.86)
4, n (%)	19 (26.76)	22 (39.29)
5, n (%)	5 (7.04)	24 (42.86)
Total cores, n (IQR)	19 (17-22)	18 (15-21)	0.097

Non-csPCa: Clinically insignificant prostate cancer; csPCa: Clinically significant prostate cancer; PSA: Prostate-specific antigen; PSAD: PSA density; PI-RADS: Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System; TZ: Transitional zone; PZ: Peripheral zone.

Table 3 Multivariate logistic regression analysis of biopsy results of cognitive fusion targeted biopsy with/without randomized biopsy

	With randomized biopsy			Without randomized biopsy
	OR	95%CI	P value	OR	95%CI	P value
Age	1.052	0.977-1.133	0.177	1.018	0.945-1.097	0.640
PSAD	1.008	1.003-1.012	0.001	1.006	1.002-1.010	0.004
PI-RADS score			< 0.001			< 0.001
3	Ref.	Ref.		Ref.	Ref.
4	8.167	2.599-25.662	< 0.001	4.394	1.431-13.491	0.010
5	35.474	5.655-222.507	< 0.001	54.266	8.141-361.724	< 0.001
Tumor dimension	1.060	0.304-3.690	0.928	0.960	0.281-3.277	0.948
Tomor location			0.198			0.063
TZ	Ref.	Ref.		Ref.	Ref.
PZ	2.086	0.673-6.464	0.203	2.904	0.875-9.637	0.081
Both	6.144	0.687-54.935	0.104	10.429	1.218-89.285	0.032
Total cores	0.981	0.857-1.124	0.786

PSAD: PSA density; PI-RADS: Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System; TZ: Transitional zone; PZ: Peripheral zone.