Retrospective Study
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2021.
World J Clin Cases. Jul 26, 2021; 9(21): 5860-5872
Published online Jul 26, 2021. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v9.i21.5860
Table 1 Demographic and clinicopathological characteristics of patients with colorectal cancer between 2010 and 2015 in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database
Demographic or characteristicAll subjects (n = 3139)Training set (n = 2902)Validation set (n = 1047)P value
Sex0.0239a
Male15601070490
Female15791022557
Age at diagnosis, yr0.7318
20-55853570283
55-65722469253
65-75736497239
> 75828556272
Race0.7521
Black378254124
White24451622823
Other (American Indian/Alaska Native, Asian/Pacific Islander)316216100
T stage0.0141a
Tis36279
T1458306152
T2499329170
T315221101421
T4624419205
N stage0.3186
N016331084549
N1876573303
N2630435195
M stage0.7900
M027131811902
M1426281145
Serum CEA level0.7262
Normal18381230608
Elevated1301862439
Tumor deposit0.9484
Negative26981797901
Positive441295146
Grade0.6182
I27918594
II20961405691
III573383190
IV19111972
Tumor size0.0809
≤ 30 mm876597279
30-50 mm934642292
50-65 mm555351204
> 65 mm774502272
LNR, mean (range)0.1173 (0-1)0.1197 (0-1)0.1124 (0-1)0.3699
LODDS, mean (range)-1.6777 (-3.2555-2.9827)-1.6683 (-3.2555-2.9827)-1.6964 (-3.2555-2.8457)0.5083
PLN, mean (range)2.2698 (0-48)2.3384 (0-48)2.1328 (0-48)0.2387
RLN, mean (range)20.7330 (1-90)20.6415 (1-90)20.9160 (1-90)0.4843
Table 2 Results of univariate and multivariate analysis in the training set
VariableUnivariate analysis
Multivariate analysis
HR (95%CI)
P value
HR (95%CI)
P value
Sex
FemaleReferenceReference
Male0.82 (0.70-0.95)0.008b1.01 (0.85-1.16)0.9277
Age at diagnosis, yr
20-55ReferenceReference
55-651.12 (0.88-1.43)0.3391.38 (1.1380-1.6278)0.0095b
65-751.17 (0.93-1.49)0.1851.470.0017b
> 752.69 (2.20-3.30)< 0.001c3.95 (3.7336-4.1610)< 0.001c
Race
BlackReferenceReference
White0.97 (0.78-1.21)0.7990.72 (0.4852-0.9513)0.0054b
Other (American Indian/Alaska Native, Asian/Pacific Islander)0.68 (0.48-0.95)0.023a0.64 (0.2921-0.9791)0.0097b
T stage
Tis1.40 (0.50-3.93)0.5241.50 (0.4674-2.5395)0.4405
T1ReferenceReference
T21.75 (1.16-2.63)0.00b1.21 (0.7887-1.6327)0.3745
T33.24 (2.30-4.57)< 0.001c1.56 (1.1640-1.9478)0.0271a
T48.30 (5.85-11.76)< 0.001c2.58 (2.1710-3.0036)< 0.001c
N stage
N0ReferenceReference
N11.85 (1.53-2.24)< 0.001c1.16 (0.9433-1.3720)0.1806
N24.49 (3.76-5.36)< 0.001c1.10 (0.7504-1.4569)0.5841
M stage
M0ReferenceReference
M15.95 (5.06-6.99)< 0.001c3.27 (3.0738-3.4599)< 0.001c
Serum CEA level
ElevatedReferenceReference
Normal0.43 (0.37-050)< 0.001c0.78 (0.6157-0.9438)0.0030b
Tumor deposit
NegativeReferenceReference
Positive3.57 (3.02-4.23)< 0.001c1.44 (1.2366-1.6385)0.0004c
Grade
I0.76 (0.55-1.05)0.0960.81 (0.4859-1.1416)0.2179
IIReferenceReference
III2.42 (2.04-2.86)< 0.001c1.14 (0.9361-1.3457)0.2071
IV2.38 (1.82-3.10)< 0.001c1.15 (0.8608-1.4452)0.3396
Tumor size
≤ 30 mmReferenceReference
30-50 mm1.98 (1.59-2.46)< 0.001c1.00 (0.7592-1.2460)0.9832
50-65 mm2.10 (1.64-2.69)< 0.001c1.11 (0.8352-1.3831)0.4585
> 65 mm2.67 (2.14-3.34)< 0.001c1.11 (0.8608-1.4452)0.4209
LODDS
≤ -0.6504ReferenceReference
> -0.65044 (3.44-4.65)< 0.001c2.20 (1.9068-2.5030)< 0.001c
LNR
≤ 0.1795Reference--
> 0.17953.97 (3.41-4.62)< 0.001c--
Table 3 Prognostic accuracy of N stage, log odds of positive lymph nodes, and lymph node ratio
C-indexAICAUC
1-yr
3-yr
5-yr
N stage0.67129906.030.6950.7020.696
LODDS0.64979887.950.6900.6730.660
LNR0.64949890.200.6890.6730.659