Oncocytic adrenocortical tumor with uncertain malignant potential in pediatric population: A case report and review of literature

Table 1 Cases of oncocytic adrenocortical tumor in children reported in the literature

Ref.	Age in yr	G	Clinical features	Size	Treatment	Follow-up	Prognosis
Gumy-Pause et al[3], 2008	12	F	Fatigue, headache, acne vulgaris, and abdominal pain	5.0 cm × 4.3 cm × 2.2 cm	Open adrenalectomy	Normal hormone levels 18 mo after diagnosis	No recurrence
Lim et al[4], 2010	14	F	Deepening of the voice and excessive hair	17.5 cm × 15 cm × 14 cm	Open adrenalectomy	Normal hormone levels 2 wk after operative resection	No recurrence
Tahar et al[5], 2008	6	F	Precocious puberty	3.0 cm × 2.0 cm × 1.5 cm	Open adrenalectomy	12 mo after operative resection, he manifestations of pseudoprecocious puberty were effectively reduced	No recurrence
Subbiah et al[6], 2013	3 1/2	F	Premature pubarche, clitoromegaly	2.5 cm × 2.0 cm	Open adrenalectomy	Normal hormone levels 1 mo after operative resection	No recurrence
Kawahara et al[7], 2014	11	F	Fever, weight loss,increased inflammatory markers	4.5 cm × 4.5 cm × 2.5 cm	Open adrenalectomy	The inflammatory markers and IL-6 levels normalized within 2 wk after tumor resection	No recurrence
Yoon et al[8], 2014	10	F	Precocious puberty	6.0 cm × 4.0 cm	Open adrenalectomy	1 yr after surgery without new lesions	No recurrence
Akin et al[9], 2014	11	M	Metabolic, alkalosis, polyuria, polydipsia, hypokalemia	4.5 cm × 3.5 cm × 2.5 cm	Laparoscopic surgery	After the operation, the patient's polyuria and hypokalemia resolved, and his aldosterone level returned to normal	No recurrence
Ranganathan et al[10], 2005	5	M	Precocious puberty, acne	4.2 cm × 3.9 cm × 2.6 cm	Laparoscopic surgery	3 mo later, the patient had lost 3.2 kg and had grown 3.5 cm. Clinically, his symptoms resolved with no progression of pubic hair, axillary hair, or acne	No recurrence
Mardi et al[11], 2016	14	F	Hirsuitism	18 cm × 8.0 cm × 7.0 cm	Open adrenalectomy	The hirsuitism resolved gradually following surgery	No recurrence
Chen et al[12], 2018	15	M	Lower back pain	9.0 cm × 6.3 cm	Laparoscopic surgery	Lower back pain relief	No recurrence
Yordanova et al[13], 2015	9	F	Virilization	2.2 cm × 2.2 cm	Laparoscopic surgery	11 mo after the surgery, the girl’s appearance was less masculine, with significantly reduced body hairs but still no changes in the voice	No recurrence
Pereira et al[14], 2014	5.8	F	Weight gain, precocious puberty	3.2 cm × 4.5 cm	Open adrenalectomy	The patient is in complete remission after 64 mo of follow-up	No recurrence
Kolev et al[15], 2013	9	F	Deepening of thevoice and excessive hair	3.0 cm × 2.8 cm × 3.5 cm	Laparoscopic surgery	Normal hormone levels 2 wk after operative resection	No recurrence
Agarwal et al[16], 2011	2.5	F	Virilization	-	Open adrenalectomy, biopsy	Poor prognosis	No resection, infiltration into adjacent organs
Current case	17 mo	M	Odynuria, fever	5.5 cm × 5.0 cm × 3.0 cm	Robot assisted laparoscopic operation	Normal hormone levels 1 mo after operative resection	No recurrence

F: Female; G: Gender; IL-6: Interleukin 6; M: Male.