Meta-Analysis
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2021.
World J Clin Cases. May 26, 2021; 9(15): 3607-3622
Published online May 26, 2021. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v9.i15.3607
Table 1 Characteristics of the studies included in the meta-analysis
Ref.GroupsnDose of simethicone in mgBubble scoreInsertion time in minWithdraw time in minAdverse events
Bloating
Nausea
Vomiting
Abdominal pain
Sleep disorder
Rishi et al[32] (2019)NS2L842001.77 ± 1.005.48 ± 2.8211.23 ± 3.99NR20612NR
S2L + Sim841.20 ± 0.606.06 ± 3.5511.73 ± 5.52NR13410NR
Morave et al[31] (2019)NS4L1394802.10 ± 2.156.19 ± 4.626.65 ± 1.28NRNRNRNRNR
S4L + Sim1290.10 ± 0.156.06 ± 3.716.60 ± 1.15NRNRNRNRNR
Zhang et al[13] (2018)NS2L29012002.5 ± 0.77.5 ± 5.1NR5957202457
S2L + Sim2892.8 ± 0.56.3 ± 3.1NR3461242153
Bai et al[14] (2018)NS2L28612003.98 ± 2.507.55 ± 4.196.87 ± 2.035738279NR
S2L + Sim2901.00 ± 1.267.84 ± 5.126.47 ± 1.8023393011NR
Yoo et al[15] (2016)NS2L130400NR6.75 ± 5.1317.29 ± 13.177151153139
S2L + Sim130NR6.78 ± 3.7813.35 ± 7.8631548736
Zorzi et al[16] (2016)NS2L924NRNRNR10.4 ± 29.9NRNRNRNRNR
S2L + Sim940NRNR10.6 ± 30.0NRNRNRNRNR
Kump et al[17] (2018)NS2L193NRNRNRNR2826337NR
S2L + Sim194NRNRNR2626134NR
Parente et al[18] (2015)NS4L189NRNR12 ± 710 ± 3NRNRNRNR43
S2L + Sim193NR13 ± 711 ± 6NRNRNRNR37
Mussetto et al[19] (2015)NS4L60NRNR7.8 ± 5.113.8 ± 9.62120NR626
S2L + Sim60NR6.5 ± 3.511.4 ± 9.41523NR917
Leone et al[20] (2013)NS4L79NRNR9.8 ± 3.6NR17223
S2L + Sim78NR10.9 ± 6.1NR15657
Valiante et al[21] (2013)NS4L126160NRNRNR3326NR5NR
S2L + Sim138NRNRNR1127NR13NR
Cesaro et al[22] (2013)NS4L51160NR9.5 ± 5.87.0 ± 1.81223NR2NR
S2L + Sim50NR8.1 ± 3.87.6 ± 2.4410NR6NR
Gentile et al[23] (2013)NS2L60160NRNRNRNR6310
S4L + Sim60NRNRNRNR12410
Matro et al[24] (2012)NS2L61400NRNRNR321832116
S2L + Sim62NRNRNR252231716
Repici et al[25] (2012)NS2L190160NR7.3 ± 3.5NR4357NR30NR
S2L + Sim187NR7.9 ± 3.7NR4760NR34NR
Jansen et al[26] (2011)NS2L102NRNRNRNRNRNRNR12NR
S2L + Sim86NRNRNRNRNRNR9NR
Pontone et al[27] (2011)NS2L72160NRNRNRNR7421
S4L + Sim72NRNRNRNR16511
Lazzaroni et al[28] (1993)NS4L48120NRNRNR2623NR1521
S4L + Sim57NRNRNR2620NR1311
McNally et al[29] (1989)NSNR121600.778 ± 0.278NRNRNRNRNRNRNR
SNR140.180 ± 0.054NRNRNRNRNRNRNR
McNally et al[30] (1988)NSNR48800.696 ± 0.112NRNRNRNRNRNRNR
SNR 490.114 ± 0.050NRNRNRNRNRNRNR
Table 2 Adenoma detection rate and polyp detection rate of the studies included in the meta-analysis
Ref.CountryGroupsNAdenoma
Polyp
n
%
Left colon
Right colon
< 10 mm
≥ 10 mm
n
%
Left colon
Right colon
< 10 mm
≥ 10 mm
Rishi et al[32] (2019)United StatesNS2L84NRNRNRNRNRNR4654.8NRNRNRNR
S2L + Sim84NRNRNRNRNRNR4756.0NRNRNRNR
Morave et al[31] (2019)United StatesNS4L1395438.8NRNRNRNR6949.6NRNRNRNR
S4L + Sim1294333.3NRNRNRNR6046.5NRNRNRNR
Zhang et al[13] (2018)ChinaNS2L2904515.522304669332.16446NRNR
S2L + Sim2896422.136487869833.96762NRNR
Bai et al[14] (2018)ChinaNS2L2864114.335326078529.7NRNRNRNR
S2L + Sim2906121.049851221210937.6NRNRNRNR
Yoo et al[15] (2016)KoreaNS2L1306046.2NRNRNRNRNRNRNRNRNRNR
S2L + Sim1306550.0NRNRNRNRNRNRNRNRNRNR
Zorzi et al[16] (2016)ItalyNS2L92434637.4NRNRNRNR56961.6NRNR403166
S2L + Sim94032234.3NRNRNRNR54257.7NRNR380162
Kump et al[17] (2018)AustriaNS2L193NRNRNRNRNRNRNRNRNRNRNRNR
S2L + Sim194NRNRNRNRNRNRNRNRNRNRNRNR
Parente et al[18] (2015)ItalyNS4L189NRNRNRNRNRNR8949.2NRNR61NR
S2L + Sim193NRNRNRNRNRNR9148.1NRNR59NR
Mussetto et al[19] (2015)ItalyNS4L60NRNRNRNRNRNRNRNRNRNRNRNR
S2L + Sim60NRNRNRNRNRNRNRNRNRNRNRNR
Leone et al[20] (2013)ItalyNS4L793444.7NRNRNRNRNRNRNRNRNRNR
S2L + Sim783443.6NRNRNRNRNRNRNRNRNRNR
Valiante et al[21] (2013)ItalyNS4L126NRNRNRNRNRNR7156.3NRNR5516
S2L + Sim138NRNRNRNRNRNR10576.1NRNR8421
Cesaro et al[22] (2013)ItalyNS4L511734.7NRNRNRNRNRNRNRNRNRNR
S2L + Sim501732.7NRNRNRNRNRNRNRNRNRNR
Gentile et al[23] (2013)ItalyNS2L60NRNRNRNRNRNRNRNRNRNRNRNR
S4L + Sim60NRNRNRNRNRNRNRNRNRNRNRNR
Matro et al[24] (2012)United StatesNS2L612032.8NRNRNRNR2947.5NRNRNRNR
S2L + Sim621524.2NRNRNRNR2337.1NRNRNRNR
Repici et al[25] (2012)ItalyNS2L190NRNRNRNRNRNRNRNRNRNRNRNR
S2L + Sim187NRNRNRNRNRNRNRNRNRNRNRNR
Jansen et al[26] (2011)NetherlandsNS2L102NRNRNRNRNRNR1413.7NRNRNRNR
S2L + Sim86NRNRNRNRNRNR2326.7NRNRNRNR
Pontone et al[27] (2011)ItalyNS2L72912.581NRNR1318.1NRNRNRNR
S4L + Sim721216.757NRNR2230.6NRNRNRNR
Lazzaroni et al[28] (1993)ItalyNS4L48NRNRNRNRNRNRNRNRNRNRNRNR
S4L + Sim57NRNRNRNRNRNRNRNRNRNRNRNR
McNally et al[29] (1989)United StatesNSPEG12NRNRNRNRNRNRNRNRNRNRNRNR
SPEG + Sim14NRNRNRNRNRNRNRNRNRNRNRNR
McNally et al[30] (1988)United StatesNSPEG48NRNRNRNRNRNRNRNRNRNRNRNR
SPEG + Sim49NRNRNRNRNRNRNRNRNRNRNRNR
Table 3 Sensitivity analyses and subgroup analyses of the studies included in the meta-analysis

Number of trials
Number of patients
OR/MD (95%CI)
P value
I2
Study associated with heterogeneity
Primary outcome
ADR940691.01 (0.88-1.15)0.9441%-
Proportion of ADR
< 25%312991.55 (1.16-2.07)0.0030%-
≥ 25%627700.88 (0.76-1.03)0.120%-
Dose of simethicone
≥ 400 mg518061.21 (0.97-1.50)0.0950%-
< 400 mg and NR422630.89 (0.75-1.06)0.200%
Size of adenoma
< 10 mm211552.36 (1.79-3.10)< 0.0000129%-
≥ 10 mm211551.39 (0.67-2.86)0.380%-
Location of adenoma
Right colon 312992.61 (1.43-4.76)0.00258%Bai 2018 (I2 = 45%)
Left colon 312991.44 (1.02-2.02)0.0423%-
Regions of the populations
Asia314151.45 (1.12-1.87)0.0050%-
Not-Asia523860.88 (0.74-1.04)0.140%-
PDR1045441.13 (0.89-1.42)0.3164%Valiante 2013 (I2 = 41%)
Dose of simethicone
≥ 400 mg415461.06 (0.80-1.41)0.6740%
< 400 mg and NR629981.23 (0.85-1.79)0.2874%Valiante 2013 (I2 = 41%)
Size of adenoma
< 10 mm324980.93 (0.79-1.09)0.3746%-
≥ 10 mm221280.98 (0.78-1.22)0.840%-
Proportion of PDR
< 40%414871.29 (0.97-1.72)0.0831%-
≥ 40%630571.03 (0.75-1.41)0.8667%Valiante 2013 (I2 = 0%)
Regions of the populations
Asia211551.24 (0.95-1.62)0.1114%-
Not-Asia833891.10 (0.82-1.47)0.5366%Valiante 2013 (I2 = 22%)
Secondary outcome
Adverse events
Bloating1130490.51 (0.36-0.73)0.000267%Repici 2012 (I² = 49%)
Nausea1433971.03 (0.87-1.22)0.6933%-
Vomiting925141.02 (0.75-1.40)0.890%-
Abdominal pain1536690.89 (0.72-1.10)0.2942%-
Sleep disturbance919900.81 (0.64-1.01)0.0625%-