Case Report
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2021.
World J Clin Cases. Apr 26, 2021; 9(12): 2791-2800
Published online Apr 26, 2021. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v9.i12.2791
Table 1 Summary of malignant pheochromocytomas with cerebral and/or skull metastasis
Ref.
Year
Age (yr)/sex
Symptoms and signs
Location
Surgery
Immunohistochemical presentation
Adjuvant treatment
Clinical outcome
Others
Spatt et al[10]194851/FHeadaches, falls, poor memory, drowsiness and convulsionsMultiple lesions in peduncles, cerebellum, pons, and cerebrumRight subtemporal decompressionNRNoneDied 8th day postadmissionNR
Melicow et al[11]197761/MHeadaches, convulsions, sweating, palpitation and hypertensionNRNoneNRNoneDied 6th week postadmissionMetastases to liver and carcinoid of ileum
Ferrari et al[12]197947/MProgressive cognitive deteriorationMultiple lesions in frontal, parietal, temporal, and occipital lobes and cerebellumNoneNRNoneDied 22th day postadmissionNR
Grabel et al[13]199043/FPainless scalp massLeft parietal lesionSurgical resectionChromogranin and neuro-specific enolase and negative for prekeratinPreoperative chemotherapyRelievedNR
Mornex et al[14]199249/MNRNRNRNRNoneDied after 8 yrLung, lymph node metastases
Gentile  et al[15]200131/FPartial motor crisisRight frontal lesionSurgical resectionNeuron-specific enolase, S100 protein and chromogranin; negative for anti-calcitoninNoneNo relapse of disease in 4-yr follow-upMEN type 2a
Liel et al[16]200247/MRadiographic surveillanceRight frontotemporalSurgical resectionChromogranin, negative for progesterone receptors and epithelial membrane antigenPostoperative MIBG therapyRelievedCoexistence of recurrent meningioma in the left hemisphere
Mercuri et al[17]200546/FHeadaches, vomiting, hypertensionRight temporoparietal extra-axial lesion with inner table skull infiltration. Epidural and subduralSurgical resectionNeuron-specific enolase, chromogranin A, synaptophysinNoneNo relapse of disease in 6-yr follow-upFirst primary meningeal pheochromocytoma
Kowalska et al[18]200960/FHypertensionLeft frontal and parietalSurgical resectionNRBrain radiotherapyRelapse in the left front cerebral lobe and right cerebellar hemisphereCoexistence of left temporal meningioma
Schaefer et al[19]201053/MHeadaches, cognitive impairment, visual loss and shortness of breathLeft occipitalSurgical resectionNeuron specific enlase and chromogranin A, negative for keratin, somatostatin, and S-100Preoperative chemotherapy and postoperative radiotherapyRelievedDiffering from the primary PCC only by loss at 18q on CGH analysis
Kharlip et al[20]201023/FAltered mental statusLeft occipital, left parietal, and right frontal lobesNoneNRChemotherapy and radiotherapyRelieved from neurologic symptoms but died 8 months laterNR
Schulte et al[21]201273/MLoss of cognitive function, a homonymous hemianopsia and left sided dysmetriaRight parietal lobeSurgical resectionNRAdjuvant whole brain radiotherapyRelievedFirst description of a cystic CNS metastasis
Miyahara et al[22]201758/MHeadache, right hemiparesis, aphasia, and dysarthriaLeft parietal lobeSurgical resectionpositive for chromagranin A, synaptophysin, and S100Preoperative Stereotactic radiosurgeryNo recurrence for 1 yrNR
Boettcher  et al[23]201824/MRadiographic surveillanceRight posterior parietal, epidural lesionSurgical resectionChromogranin, synaptophysinNoneDied several weeks laterSDHB mutation
Cho et al[24]201852/MHeadache, dizziness and motor aphasiaMultiple (more than 10) masses in the bilateral cerebral hemisphere and right ponsSurgical resectionSynaptophysin, S100RadiotherapyDied due to progressed intraabdominal cancerFirst report in South Korea
Kammoun et al[25]201929/FHeadache, vomiting, hypertensionExtradural lesion attached to the tentoriumSurgical resectionChromogranin, synaptophysin, NSEPostoperative whole brain radiotherapyDeath 1month after second surgery. No other metastases foundNR
Presenting case202060/Mheadache and enlarging scalp massLeft temporalSurgical resectionVimentin, Syn and CgA, negative for S-100, EMA and CD10NoneNo relapse of cranial massFirst report in China