Predictive risk factors for recollapse of cemented vertebrae after percutaneous vertebroplasty: A meta-analysis

Table 1 Basic characteristics of the included studies

Ref.	Publication year	Country	Study period	Design	Sample size (case/control)	Incidence of recollapse (%)	Mean age (yr)	Sex (M:F)	Mean follow-up (mo)	NOS score
Lin et al[11]	2008	Taiwan, China	2001-2005	Case-control study	98 (62/36)	63.3	72.6	8:90	26.9	8
Heo et al[12]	2009	Korea	2002-2006	Case-control study	343 (11/332)	3.2	68.06	82:261	12	8
Lin et al[13]	2010	Taiwan, China	2004-2007	Case-control study	81 (46/35)	56.8	74.3	16:73	23.0	9
Kang et al[14]	2011	Korea	2008-2010	Case-control study	60 (20/40)	33.3	70	10:50	12	7
Chen et al[15]	2011	Taiwan, China	2001-2008	Case-control study	1800 (10/1790)	0.6	77.7	323:1477	24	8
Oh et al[16]	2016	Korea	2012-2013	Case-control study	44 (22/22)	50	76.1	26:18	16.5	7
Zhang et al[17]	2017	China	2008-2013	Case-control study	172 (50/122)	29.1	88.65	88:84	≥ 12	8
He et al[18]	2018	China	2012-2015	Case-control study	224 (37/187)	16.5	71.9	39:185	16.5	8
Yu et al[19]	2019	China	2011-2014	Case-control study	152 (42/110)	27.6	70.22	15:137	≥ 24	8

NOS: Newcastle-Ottawa Scale.

Table 2 Summary of potential risk factors for recollapse involved in all included studies

Ref.	Publication year	Predictive factor
Lin et al[11]	2008	Age, gender, body weight and height, lumbar BMD, location of fractured vertebrae, gas-containing vertebrae, pedicle approach, cement volume, VHR
Heo et al[12]	2009	Age, gender, lumbar BMD, cement volume, vertebrae with osteonecrosis, vertebral compression rate, location of fractured vertebrae, VHR, chemotherapy history, trauma history, medical history
Lin et al[13]	2010	Age, gender, body weight and height, lumbar BMD, location of fractured vertebrae, gas-containing vertebrae, fracture type, cement volume, cement leakage, signal intensity of fractured vertebrae on magnetic resonance imaging, volume ratio of fractured vertebrae
Kang et al[14]	2011	Age, gender, body weight and height, BMI, lumbar BMD, preoperative VAS score, gas-containing vertebrae, location of fractured vertebrae, preoperative LKA, cobb angle, sagittal index, cement volume, cement leakage, cement distribution pattern, height of vertebral body
Chen et al[15]	2011	Age, gender, cement volume, location of fractured vertebrae, vertebrae with osteonecrosis, pedicle approach, cement leakage, cement distribution pattern, VHR, LKA correction
Oh et al[16]	2016	Age, gender, lumbar BMD, BMI, location of fractured vertebrae, cement volume, cement leakage, preoperative IVC
Zhang et al[17]	2017	Age, gender, lumbar BMD, cement volume, cement leakage, duration of symptoms, vertebral compression rate, VHR, dispersion of bone cement
He et al[18]	2018	Age, gender, weight and height of body, BMI, lumbar BMD, LKA correction, VHR, cement volume, pedicle approach, preoperative VAS score, cement distribution pattern
Yu et al[19]	2019	Age, gender, lumbar BMD, location of fractured vertebrae, preoperative IVC, fracture type, cement volume, cement leakage, cement distribution pattern, VHR, reduction angle, preoperative and postoperative VAS score

BMD: Bone mineral density; VHR: Vertebral height restoration; BMI: Body mass index; LKA: Local kyphotic angle; IVC: Intravertebral cleft; VAS: Visual Analogue Scale.