Copyright
©The Author(s) 2020.
World J Clin Cases. May 6, 2020; 8(9): 1608-1619
Published online May 6, 2020. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v8.i9.1608
Published online May 6, 2020. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v8.i9.1608
Table 1 Clinicopathologic characteristics of all patients
Characteristic | |
Age (yr) | |
Range | 22-87 |
mean ± SD | 57.7 ± 12.3 |
Age grouping, n (%) | |
≤ 60 yr | 1069 (53.3) |
> 60 yr | 936 (46.7) |
Sex, n (%) | |
Male | 1384 (69) |
Female | 621 (31) |
Body mass index (kg/m2) | |
Range | 12.3–57.8 |
mean ± SD | 23.3 ± 3.2 |
Comorbidities, n (%) | 616 (30.7) |
Hypertension | 441 (22) |
Diabetes mellitus | 212 (10.6) |
Others | 112 (5.6) |
Tumour size (cm) | |
Range | 1-48 |
mean ± SD | 6.3 ± 3.5 |
Location, n (%) | |
Upper third | 345 (17.2) |
Middle third | 463 (23.1) |
Lower third | 1197 (59.7) |
Depth of invasion, n (%) | |
Muscularis propria | 504 (25.1) |
Subserosal | 865 (43.1) |
Serosa exposed or invaded | 608 (30.4) |
Histology, n (%) | |
Papillary adenocarcinoma | 7 (0.3) |
Tubular adenocarcinoma (well differentiated) | 62 (3.1) |
Tubular adenocarcinoma (moderately differentiated) | 624 (31.1) |
Tubular adenocarcinoma (poorly differentiated) | 992 (49.5) |
Signet ring cell carcinoma | 219 (10.9) |
Others | 101 (5) |
Gastrectomy, n (%) | |
Subtotal | 1127 (56.2) |
Total | 878 (43.8) |
Retrieved lymph nodes, n | |
Range | 12-106 |
mean ± SD | 28.4 ± 12 |
Lymph node metastasis, n (%) | |
Yes | 1079 (53.8) |
No | 926 (46.2) |
Lymphovascular invasion, n (%) | |
Yes | 1023 (51) |
No | 982 (49) |
Perineural invasion, n (%) | |
Yes | 925 (46.1) |
No | 1080 (53.9) |
Adjuvant chemotherapy, n (%) | |
Yes | 1340 (66.8) |
No | 665 (33.2) |
Recurrence, n (%) | |
Yes | 671 (33.5) |
No | 1334 (66.5) |
Mortality, n (%) | |
Yes | 874 (43.6) |
No | 1131 (56.4) |
Overall survival (mo) | |
Range | 0.5-129.7 |
mean ± SD | 55.3 ± 32.2 |
Recurrence-free survival (mo) | |
Range | 0.5-129.7 |
mean ± SD | 51.1 ± 33.6 |
Table 2 Multivariate analysis of factors influencing survival using a Cox proportional hazards model
Characteristic | Overall survival | Recurrence-free survival | ||||
P value | HR | 95%CI | P value | HR | 95%CI | |
Sex | ||||||
Male | 1.000 | 1.000 | ||||
Female | 0.434 | 0.943 | 0.813-1.093 | 0.292 | 0.925 | 0.801-1.069 |
Age | ||||||
≤ 60 yr | 1.000 | 1.000 | ||||
> 60 yr | 0.001 | 1.723 | 1.502-1.978 | 0.001 | 1.658 | 1.451-1.895 |
Tumour size | ||||||
≤ 5 cm | 1.000 | 1.000 | ||||
> 5 cm | 0.001 | 1.455 | 1.252-1.690 | 0.001 | 1.505 | 1.302-1.740 |
Lymphovascular invasion | ||||||
No | 1.000 | 1.000 | ||||
Yes | 0.001 | 1.678 | 1.450-1.943 | 0.001 | 1.676 | 1.455-1.931 |
Lymph node metastasis | ||||||
No | 1.000 | 1.000 | ||||
Yes | 0.047 | 0.866 | 0.752-0.998 | 0.111 | 0.894 | 0.780-1.026 |
Depth of invasion | ||||||
Muscularis propria | 0.102 | 0.654 | 0.394-1.088 | 0.160 | 0.696 | 0.419-1.155 |
Sub-serosal | 0.125 | 0.676 | 0.410-1.115 | 0.200 | 0.721 | 0.437-1.189 |
Serosal exposed | 0.080 | 0.636 | 0.383-1.055 | 0.142 | 0.685 | 0.413-1.135 |
Serosal invasion | 0.287 | 0.705 | 0.370-1.342 | 0.272 | 0.697 | 0.366-1.189 |
Histology | ||||||
Tubular adenocarcinoma (well) | 1.000 | 1.000 | ||||
Tubular adenocarcinoma (moderate) | 0.036 | 1.783 | 1.038-3.061 | 0.069 | 1.562 | 0.967-2.523 |
Tubular adenocarcinoma (poorly) | 0.008 | 2.070 | 1.211-3.538 | 0.026 | 1.716 | 1.067-2.759 |
Signet ring cell carcinoma | 0.001 | 2.689 | 1.535-4.707 | 0.001 | 2.290 | 1.387-3.781 |
Mucinous adenocarcinoma | 0.156 | 1.601 | 0.836-3.066 | 0.236 | 1.431 | 0.791-2.588 |
Table 3 Multivariate analysis of factors influencing survival according to sex using a Cox proportional hazards model
Characteristic | Male | Female | ||||
P value | HR | 95%CI | P value | HR | 95%CI | |
Age | ||||||
≤ 60 yr | 1.000 | 1.000 | ||||
> 60 yr | 0.001 | 1.882 | 1.601-2.213 | 0.136 | 1.204 | 0.943-1.536 |
Tumour size | ||||||
≤ 5 cm | 1.000 | 1.000 | ||||
> 5 cm | 0.001 | 1.443 | 1.212-1.718 | 0.001 | 1.610 | 1.239-2.090 |
Lymphovascular invasion | ||||||
No | 1.000 | 1.000 | ||||
Yes | 0.001 | 1.697 | 1.428-2.017 | 0.001 | 1.587 | 1.238-2.035 |
Lymph node metastasis | ||||||
No | 1.000 | 1.000 | ||||
Yes | 0.166 | 0.890 | 0.754-1.050 | 0.437 | 0.907 | 0.709-1.161 |
Depth of invasion | ||||||
Muscularis propria | 0.025 | 0.521 | 0.295-0.920 | 0.736 | 1.220 | 0.385-3.866 |
Sub-serosal | 0.044 | 0.565 | 0.324-0.986 | 0.824 | 1.139 | 0.362-3.587 |
Serosal exposed | 0.039 | 0.551 | 0.314-0.970 | 0.986 | 0.990 | 0.311-3.147 |
Serosal invasion | 0.264 | 0.669 | 0.330-1.354 | 0.653 | 0.693 | 0.140-3.434 |
Histology | ||||||
Tubular adenocarcinoma (well) | 1.000 | 1.000 | ||||
Tubular adenocarcinoma (moderate) | 0.043 | 1.754 | 1.017-3.026 | 0.886 | 0.929 | 0.337-2.559 |
Tubular adenocarcinoma (poor) | 0.010 | 2.029 | 1.181-3.486 | 0.739 | 0.844 | 0.312-2.282 |
Signet ring cell carcinoma | 0.001 | 3.153 | 1.769-5.619 | 0.812 | 0.883 | 0.317-2.459 |
Mucinous adenocarcinoma | 0.359 | 1.390 | 0.688-2.810 | 0.896 | 1.080 | 0.342-3.409 |
Table 4 Multivariate analysis of factors influencing survival according to age using a Cox proportional hazards model
Characteristic | ≤ 60 yr old | > 60 yr old | ||||
P value | HR | 95%CI | P value | HR | 95%CI | |
Sex | ||||||
Male | 1.000 | 1.000 | ||||
Female | 0.300 | 1.116 | 0.907-1.373 | 0.017 | 0.780 | 0.636-0.957 |
Tumour size | ||||||
≤ 5 cm | 1.000 | 1.000 | ||||
> 5 cm | 0.001 | 1.973 | 1.586-2.454 | 0.086 | 1.187 | 0.976-1.444 |
Lymphovascular invasion | ||||||
No | 1.000 | 1.000 | ||||
Yes | 0.001 | 1.783 | 1.441-2.206 | 0.001 | 1.580 | 1.307-1.910 |
Lymph node metastasis | ||||||
No | 1.000 | 1.000 | ||||
Yes | 0.485 | 0.929 | 0.756-1.142 | 0.147 | 0.872 | 0.725-1.049 |
Depth of invasion | ||||||
Muscularis propria | 0.185 | 0.570 | 0.249-1.308 | 0.371 | 0.746 | 0.392-1.418 |
Sub-serosal | 0.280 | 0.638 | 0.283-1.441 | 0.472 | 0.792 | 0.420-1.495 |
Serosal exposed | 0.214 | 0.594 | 0.262-1.350 | 0.465 | 0.786 | 0.412-1.500 |
Serosal invasion | 0.518 | 0.724 | 0.272-1.929 | 0.549 | 0.765 | 0.318-1.839 |
Histology | ||||||
Tubular adenocarcinoma (well) | 1.000 | 1.000 | ||||
Tubular adenocarcinoma (moderate) | 0.731 | 0.891 | 0.463-1.718 | 0.010 | 2.547 | 1.246-5.205 |
Tubular adenocarcinoma (poorly) | 0.929 | 0.972 | 0.514-1.837 | 0.004 | 2.812 | 1.380-5.730 |
Signet ring cell carcinoma | 0.427 | 1.309 | 0.674-2.543 | 0.001 | 3.652 | 1.700-7.843 |
Mucinous adenocarcinoma | 0.134 | 0.525 | 0.226-1.220 | 0.002 | 3.847 | 1.648-8.979 |
Table 5 Analysis of lymph node metastasis using the chi-squared test and a logistic regression model
Characteristic | Lymph node metastasis | Univariate | Multivariate | |||
Yes | No | P value | OR | 95%CI | P value | |
Sex | ||||||
Male | 766 (71) | 618 (66.7) | 0.040 | 1.000 | ||
Female | 313 (29) | 308 (33.3) | 0.840 | 0.682-1.034 | 0.099 | |
Age | ||||||
≤ 60 yr | 573 (53.1) | 496 (53.6) | 0.837 | 1.000 | ||
> 60 yr | 506 (46.9) | 430 (46.4) | 1.035 | 0.854-1.255 | 0.726 | |
Tumour size | ||||||
≤ 5 cm | 580 (53.8) | 316 (34.1) | 0.001 | 1.000 | ||
> 5 cm | 499 (46.2) | 610 (65.9) | 0.552 | 0.453-0.674 | 0.001 | |
Lymphovascular invasion | ||||||
Yes | 415 (38.5) | 608 (65.7) | 0.001 | 0.356 | 0.294-0.431 | 0.001 |
No | 664 (61.5) | 318 (34.3) | 1.000 | |||
Depth of invasion | ||||||
Muscularis propria | 252 (23.4) | 252 (27.2) | 0.647 | 0.297-1.409 | 0.273 | |
Sub-serosal | 453 (42) | 412 (44.5) | 0.711 | 0.329-1.537 | 0.386 | |
Serosal exposed | 327 (30.3) | 233 (25.2) | 0.908 | 0.418-1.975 | 0.808 | |
Serosal invasion | 30 (2.8) | 18 (1.9) | 1.078 | 0.414-2.809 | 0.877 | |
Histology | ||||||
Tubular adenocarcinoma (well) | 46 (4.3) | 16 (1.8) | 0.011 | 1.000 | ||
Tubular adenocarcinoma (moderate) | 342 (32.3) | 282 (31) | 0.560 | 0.301-1.043 | 0.068 | |
Tubular adenocarcinoma (poorly) | 519 (49) | 473 (52) | 0.583 | 0.315-1.080 | 0.086 | |
Signet ring cell carcinoma | 119 (11.2) | 100 (11) | 0.676 | 0.347-1.318 | 0.251 | |
Mucinous adenocarcinoma | 33 (3.1) | 38 (4.2) | 0.474 | 0.218-1.029 | 0.059 |
Table 6 Analysis of lymph node metastasis according to sex using a logistic regression model
Characteristic | Male | Female | ||||
P value | OR | 95%CI | P value | OR | 95%CI | |
Age | ||||||
≤ 60 yr | 1.000 | 1.000 | ||||
> 60 yr | 0.919 | 1.012 | 0.804-1.274 | 0.512 | 1.127 | 0.789-1.610 |
Tumour size | ||||||
≤ 5 cm | 1.000 | 1.000 | ||||
> 5 cm | 0.001 | 0.532 | 0.418-0.677 | 0.006 | 0.605 | 0.425-0.863 |
Lymphovascular invasion | ||||||
No | 1.000 | 1.000 | ||||
Yes | 0.001 | 0.359 | 0.284-0.453 | 0.001 | 0.357 | 0.254-0.501 |
Depth of invasion | ||||||
Muscularis propria | 0.684 | 0.823 | 0.323-2.098 | 0.190 | 0.387 | 0.094-1.601 |
Sub-serosal | 0.735 | 0.852 | 0.338-2.149 | 0.298 | 0.474 | 0.116-1.035 |
Serosal exposed | 0.934 | 1.040 | 0.409-2.645 | 0.585 | 0.673 | 0.163-2.779 |
Serosal invasion | 0.817 | 1.143 | 0.369-3.540 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 0.160-6.255 |
Histology | ||||||
Tubular adenocarcinoma (well) | 1.000 | 1.000 | ||||
Tubular adenocarcinoma (moderate) | 0.044 | 0.489 | 0.244-0.980 | 0.853 | 1.157 | 0.247-5.405 |
Tubular adenocarcinoma (poor) | 0.047 | 0.497 | 0.249-0.992 | 0.726 | 1.312 | 0.288-5.979 |
Signet ring cell carcinoma | 0.122 | 0.543 | 0.251-1.177 | 0.520 | 1.673 | 0.349-8.015 |
Mucinous adenocarcinoma | 0.048 | 0.411 | 0.170-0.992 | 0.945 | 1.065 | 0.178-6.387 |
Table 7 Analysis of lymph node metastasis according to age using a logistic regression model
Characteristic | ≤ 60 yr old | > 60 yr old | ||||
P value | OR | 95%CI | P value | OR | 95%CI | |
Sex | ||||||
Male | 1.000 | 1.000 | ||||
Female | 0.066 | 0.762 | 0.571-1.018 | 0.543 | 0.910 | 0.670-1.235 |
Tumour size | ||||||
≤ 5 cm | 1.000 | 1.000 | ||||
> 5 cm | 0.001 | 0.452 | 0.344-0.594 | 0.020 | 0.707 | 0.528-0.947 |
Lymphovascular invasion | ||||||
No | 1.000 | 1.000 | ||||
Yes | 0.001 | 0.312 | 0.239-0.407 | 0.001 | 0.406 | 0.307-0.536 |
Depth of invasion | ||||||
Muscularis propria | 0.024 | 0.169 | 0.036-0.790 | 0.452 | 1.477 | 0.535-4.077 |
Sub-serosal | 0.046 | 0.211 | 0.046-0.975 | 0.444 | 1.481 | 0.541-4.056 |
Serosal exposed | 0.122 | 0.298 | 0.064-1.381 | 0.332 | 1.659 | 0.597-4.607 |
Serosal invasion | 0.324 | 0.422 | 0.076-2.341 | 0.503 | 1.571 | 0.418-5.903 |
Histology | ||||||
Tubular adenocarcinoma (well) | 1.000 | 1.000 | ||||
Tubular adenocarcinoma (moderate) | 0.340 | 0.644 | 0.261-1.589 | 0.088 | 0.465 | 0.193-1.121 |
Tubular adenocarcinoma (poor) | 0.788 | 0.885 | 0.364-2.151 | 0.031 | 0.381 | 0.158-0.918 |
Signet ring cell carcinoma | 0.909 | 0.947 | 0.370-2.424 | 0.166 | 0.496 | 0.184-1.339 |
Mucinous adenocarcinoma | 0.483 | 0.677 | 0.228-2.014 | 0.068 | 0.346 | 0.111-1.080 |
- Citation: Alshehri A, Alanezi H, Kim BS. Prognosis factors of advanced gastric cancer according to sex and age. World J Clin Cases 2020; 8(9): 1608-1619
- URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/2307-8960/full/v8/i9/1608.htm
- DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.12998/wjcc.v8.i9.1608