Photodynamic therapy for middle-advanced stage upper gastrointestinal carcinomas: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Table 1 Ten randomized controlled trials studies meeting the criteria for the meta-analysis

Study	Study design	Time of case inclusion	Cancer type	Age (yr)	Gender(M/F)	Sample size (E/C)	Intervention		Main outcomes
							Experiment	Control
Jin et al[16]	RCT	Sep. 1982-July 1990	Advanced cardiac cancer	(34-91)	139/5	144 (96/48)	PDT1 + CHT2	CHT2	SR, ER, MST, OSR
Zhang et al[17]	RCT	1990-1994	Advanced upper gastrointestinal cancer	56.8 (29-77)	42/41	53 (13/40)	PDT1 + CHT3	PDT1	SR, ER, MST
Heier et al[18]	RCT	NA	Esophageal cancer	69 (42-87)	26/16	42 (22/20)	PDT4	Nd:YAG5	ER, AEs, KPS, EG
Lightdale et al[19]	RCT	Sep. 1988-Aug. 1992	Esophageal cancer	70	169/67	236 (118/118)	PDT6	Nd:YAG7	SR, ER, AEs, SP
Qin et al[20]	RCT	June 1993-May 1995	Middle-advanced stage esophageal cancer	58.6 (43-73)	44/15	59 (32/27)	PDT8 + RAT9	RAT9	SR
Zhang et al[21]	RCT	NA	Advanced esophagocardiac cancer	60.8 (40-81)	111/29	140 (98/42)	PDT10 + CHT3	PDT10	SR, ER, OSR
Zhou et al[22]	RCT	Dec. 2007-June 2009	Middle-advanced stage cardiac cancer	59.5 (38-82)	63/21	84 (46/38)	PDT11 + CHT12	CHT12	SR, ER, OSR
Li et al[23]	RCT	Jan. 2013-Oct. 2014	Middle-advanced stage gastric cancer	NA	45/19	64 (32/32)	PDT1 + CHT13	PDT1	SR, ER, AEs
Li et al[24]	RCT	Feb. 2013- Feb. 2014	Advanced esophageal cancer	(53-83)	40/22	61 (31/30)	PDT1	RAT14	SR, ER, AEs
Jin et al[25]	RCT	Sep. 2014- Sep. 2015	Advanced esophageal cancer	(47-76)	41/29	70 (35/35)	PDT1 + CHT15	CHT15	SR, ER, AEs, OSR

¹Haematoporphyrin derivative (5 mg/kg);

²UFTM (UFT 450 mg/d and mitomycin C 8-10 mg/wk);

³5-FU (250-500 mg/time);

⁴Photomedica (2 mg/kg); 590 W; 6Porfimer sodium (2 mg/kg); 715-90 W;

⁸PsD-007 (5 mg/kg);

⁹DT 55 -70 Gy;

¹⁰PsD-007 (3-5 mg/kg);

¹¹PsD-007 (3-5 mg/kg);

¹²5-Fu (250-500 mg/time) + bleomycin (15 mg/time);

¹³S-1 (40 mg/m²);

¹⁴DT 40-50 Gy;

¹⁵NDP (80-100 mg/m²) + 5-FU (500-750 mg/m²). RCT: Randomized controlled trial; RAT: Radiotherapy; CHT: Chemotherapy; PDT: Photodynamic therapy; NA: Not available; M/F: Male/female; E/C: Experiment group/control group; AEs: Adverse events; SR: Significant remission rate; ER: Effective rate; MST: Mean survival time; OSR: One year survival rate; EG: Esophageal grade; SP: Symptom palliation.