Rectal perforation by inadvertent ingestion of a blister pack: A case report and review of literature

Table 1 Reported cases of gastrointestinal perforation caused by blister packs

Ref.	Year of publication	Age	Gender	Main symptoms	Location	Diagnostic modality	Management	Exitus
Crowley and Bretzke[33]	1988	68	F	Abdominal pain	Ileum	Laparotomy	Laparotomy	Yes
Fernando[34]	1989	43	F	Diarrhea and pieces of plastic sheeting in vomit	Sigmoid colon	Postmortem examination	Palliative care	Yes
Sato et al[35]	1992	50	F	Abdominal pain	Ileum	Laparotomy	Laparotomy	No
Norstein et al[36]	1995	68	M	Abdominal pain and severe tenderness right iliac fossa	Distal ileum (15 cm from ileocecal valve)	Laparotomy	Laparotomy	No
Lurton et al[37]	1996	63	M	Abdominal pain	Stomach	Laparotomy	Laparotomy	No
Fulford et al[38]	1996	80	M	Generalized peritonitis	Antimesenteric border of the ileum 5 cm proximal to the ileocecal valve	Laparotomy	Laparotomy	Yes
Kansal and Agrawal[39]	2000	65	M	Abdominal pain	Ileum	Laparotomy	Laparotomy	No
Dutta et al[40]	2001	50	M	Severe retrosternal pain and dysphagia, 10 d after: right-sided pyopneumothorax	Esophagus fistula (right posterolateral wall of the lower third)	Chest X-rays, intercostal drain, gastrografin study of fistula	Radiological drainage, conservative medical treatment	No
Gupta et al[41]	2002	84	M	Chest pain	Esophagus	Endoscopy	Endoscopic removal	Yes
Gupta et al[42]	2002	58	F	Abdominal pain	Ileum	Laparotomy	Laparotomy	No
Ishikura et al[43]	2003	85	F	Abdominal pain	Ileum	Laparotomy	Laparotomy	-
Fierens et al[44]	2007	75	F	Abdominal pain	Ileum	Laparotomy	Laparotomy	No
Domen et al[45]	2011	90	F	Abdominal pain	Ileum	Laparotomy	Laparotomy	No
Purnak et al[11]	2011	73	F	Vomiting	Esophagus	Endoscopy	Endoscopic removal	No
Sasko et al[46]	2012	70	F	Acute abdominal pain	Ileum	CT	Laparotomy	No
Orry et al[29]	2014	57	F	Abdominal pain	Ileum	CT	Laparotomy	No
Orry et al[29]	2014	90	M	Abdominal pain	Ileum	CT	Laparotomy	No
Coulier et al[4]	2014	84	F	Abdominal pain	Ileum	CT	Laparotomy	No
Coulier et al[4]	2014	85	M	Chest pain	Esophagus	CT	Palliative care	Yes
Yao et al[47]	2015	72	M	Abdominal pain	Duodenum	Laparotomy	Laparotomy	Yes
Al-Ramahi et al[3]	2015	66	F	Severe, colicky abdominal pain and bloating of 1-wk duration	Terminal ileum (25 cm proximal to the ileocecal junction)	Laparotomy (CT positive at revision after surgery)	Laparotomy	No
Prokop et al[48]	2016	61	M	Sore throat and hoarseness, sepsis, pneumomediastinum	Esophagus	CT	Endoscopic removal, bilateral cervicotomy and abscess drainage, tracheostomy	Yes
Prokop et al[48]	2016	68	F	Acute abdominal pain	Ileum	CT	Laparotomy	No
Our case	2018	75	F	Acute abdominal pain	Rectal	Laparotomy (CT positive at revision after surgery)	Laparotomy	Yes due sepsis

CT: Computed tomography.