Low expression of angiotensinogen and dipeptidyl peptidase 1 in saliva of patients with proliferative verrucous leukoplakia

Table 1 Demographic aspects of 30 patients (15 control and 15 proliferative verrucous leukoplakia) with salivary proteome profile assessed by LC-MS/MS

	Control		Proliferative verrucous leukoplakia
	n	%	n	%
Age (yr)
50-59	5	33.33	4	26.66
60-69	3	20	3	20
70-79	7	46.66	7	46.66
> 80	0	0	1	6.66
Gender
Female	15	100	15	100
Male	0	0	0	0
Risk factor
Tobacco	0	0	0	0
Alcohol	0	0	0	0

Table 2 Clinicopathological data of 15 patients with proliferative verrucous leukoplakia included in the study

Case	Anatomiclocation	Histopathologicfindings	Treatment	Follow-up time (yr)	Status
1	1a, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6b	Epithelial dysplasia (3a, 6b) OSCC (3b)	Surgery	11	Alive
2	2, 3b, 5a, 6a, 8, 9	Epithelial dysplasia (2, 9) OSCC (2, 8)	Surgery	5	Alive
3	2, 3b, 4, 10	Acanthosis/hiperkeratosis (2, 10) Epithelial dysplasia (2)	-	10	Alive
4	2, 5a, 6a, 7a	Acanthosis/hyperkera tosis (2) Epithelial dysplasia (2, 5a)	-	20	Alive
5	2, 5a, 5b, 6b	Acanthosis/dysplasia (6b)	-	2	Alive
6	2, 3a, 4, 5a, 9	Epithelial dysplasia (3a)	-	1	Alive
7	2, 3b	-	-	2	Alive
8	2, 6a, 7b	Acanthosis/hyperkera tosis (7b) Epithelial dysplasia (7b)	-	4	Alive
9	1b, 2, 3a, 3b, 4, 6a, 6b	Epithelial dysplasia (1b, 2)	-	1	Alive
10	2, 3b, 6a	Epithelial dysplasia (3b)	-	3	Alive
11	2, 3a, 3b, 4, 5a, 6b, 8	Epithelial dysplasia (8) Verrucous carcinoma (5a) OSCC (4)	Surgery + RT	6	Alive
12	2, 4, 5b, 6b, 8	Acanthosis/hiperkeratosis (5b) Epithelial dysplasia (2)	-	3	Alive
13	2, 3b	Epithelial dysplasia (3b) OSCC (3b)	-	3	Alive
14	1a, 1b, 2, 3a, 3b, 4, 6a, 6b	Epithelial atrophy/ hyperkeratosis (3b)	-	1	Alive
15	1a, 1b, 2, 3a, 3b, 5a, 5b, 6a, 6b, 8	Epithelial dysplasia (5a, 5b)	-	10	Alive

1a: Inferior labial mucosa; 1b: Superior labial mucosa; 2: Buccal mucosa; 3a: Tongue (ventral); 3b: Tongue (lateral border); 4: Floor of mouth; 5a: Inferior alveolar ridge; 5b: Superior alveolar ridge; 6a: Inferior fórnix; 6b: Superior fornix; 7a: Inferior gengiva; 7b: Superior gengiva; 8: Hard palate; 9: Soft palate; 10: Tonsil pillar. OSCC: Oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Table 3 Average of spectral counts, standard deviation, P value and fold-change of 31 proteins with difference in the abundance levels in proliferative verrucous leukoplakia saliva compared to the control group according to ANOVA test

Accession number	Protein (31)	Control		PVL		P value	FC
		SC	SD	SC	SD
sp|P58876|H2B1D_HUMAN	Histone H2B type 1-D	0.12	0.32	1.09	1.73	0.0413	9.08
sp|P04264|K2C1_HUMAN	Keratin, type II cytoskeletal 1	2.33	2.45	5.24	4.67	0.0418	2.24
sp|P80748|LV302_HUMAN	Ig lambda chain V-III region LOI	0.45	0.50	1.01	0.66	0.0154	2.24
sp|P31025|LCN1_HUMAN	Lipocalin-1	7.03	4.46	13.44	6.84	0.005a	1.91
sp|P04080|CYTB_HUMAN	Cystatin-B	1.67	1.38	3.19	2.25	0.0338	1.91
sp|Q01469|FABP5_HUMAN	Fatty acid-binding protein, epidermal	2.22	1.36	3.99	2.04	0.009a	1.79
sp|P68032|ACTC_HUMAN	Actin, alpha cardiac muscle 1	9.66	3.79	6.78	3.71	0.0446	-1.42
sp|P02814|SMR3B_HUMAN	Submaxillary gland androgen-regulated protein 3B	18.26	9.40	11.05	5.19	0.0148	-1.66
sp|P06744|G6PI_HUMAN	Glucose-6-phosphate isomerase	4.21	2.89	2.12	2.05	0.0309	-2.00
sp|P30740|ILEU_HUMAN	Leukocyte elastase inhibitor	3.93	1.57	1.87	1.75	0.002a	-2.12
sp|Q06830|PRDX1_HUMAN	Peroxiredoxin-1	2.11	1.41	0.87	1.04	0.0106	-2.43
sp|P62328|TYB4_HUMAN	Thymosin beta-4	1.09	1.01	0.40	0.64	0.0323	-2.77
sp|Q96HE7|ERO1A_HUMAN	ERO1-like protein alpha	0.93	0.67	0.32	0.59	0.0126	-2.94
sp|P23528|COF1_HUMAN (+1)	Cofilin-1	1.66	1.79	0.54	0.99	0.0423	-3.12
sp|Q02818|NUCB1_HUMAN	Nucleobindin-1	0.82	0.56	0.27	0.47	0.007a	-3.12
sp|P52566|GDIR2_HUMAN	Rho GDP-dissociation inhibitor 2	1.61	1.76	0.49	0.79	0.0317	-3.33
sp|Q01518|CAP1_HUMAN	Adenylyl cyclase-associated protein 1	3.18	2.86	0.83	0.97	0.005a	-3.84
sp|P26038|MOES_HUMAN	Moesin	2.44	2.52	0.60	0.63	0.0107	-4.16
sp|P61586|RHOA_HUMAN	Transforming protein RhoA	0.53	0.63	0.13	0.36	0.0453	-4.16
sp|P27797|CALR_HUMAN	Calreticulin	0.61	0.65	0.13	0.35	0.0172	-4.76
sp|P06737-2|PYGL_HUMAN (+1)	Isoform 2 of Glycogen phosphorylase, liver form	1.70	2.11	0.34	0.63	0.0239	-5.00
sp|P61158|ARP3_HUMAN	Actin-related protein 3	0.97	1.33	0.13	0.35	0.0268	-7.69
sp|P43490|NAMPT_HUMAN	Nicotinamide phosphoribosyl transferase	0.53	0.64	0.07	0.26	0.0139	-7.69
tr|A6NNY3|A6NNY3_HUMAN	Chitinase-3-like protein 2	0.61	0.75	0.07	0.28	0.0143	-9.09
sp|P30041|PRDX6_HUMAN	Peroxiredoxin-6	0.60	0.87	0.05	0.21	0.0255	-12.5
sp|P01019|ANGT_HUMAN	Angiotensinogen	0.83	0.73	0.07	0.26	0.0006a	-12.5
sp|P0C0L5|CO4B_HUMAN	Complement C4-B	0.93	1.02	0.07	0.28	0.004a	-14.28
sp|P53634|CATC_HUMAN	Dipeptidyl peptidase 1	0.66	0.98	0.00	0.00	0.015	NC
sp|P22392-2|NDKB_HUMAN (+1)	Isoform 3 of Nucleoside diphosphate kinase B	0.58	0.60	0.00	0.00	0.000a	NC
sp|P22314|UBA1_HUMAN	Ubiquitin-like modifier-activating enzyme 1	0.38	0.59	0.00	0.00	0.0189	NC
sp|Q9UHA7|IL36A_HUMAN	Interleukin-36 alpha	0.43	0.68	0.00	0.00	0.0197	NC

FC: Fold-change; Up-regulation: FC ≥ +1.00; Down-regulation: FC < +1.00;

^aP≤ 0.01 vs control; NC: Not calculated; SC: Spectral counts; SD: Standard deviation.