Metformin administration in prevention of colorectal polyps in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients

doi:10.12998/wjcc.v12.i20.4206

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Jul 16, 2024 (publication date) through Jun 30, 2024

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World Journal of Clinical Cases

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2307-8960

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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

Observational Study

World J Clin Cases. Jul 16, 2024; 12(20): 4206-4216
Published online Jul 16, 2024. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v12.i20.4206

Table 1 Comparison of the demographic characteristics of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with and without colorectal polyps

Characteristic	Polyp group	Non-polyp group	t-value/chi-square value	P value
Sex
Male	89 (63.10)	42 (45.70)
Female	52 (36.90)	50 (54.30)	7.772	0.005^a
Age in yr	67.62 ± 10.33	64.57 ± 9.76	2.252	0.025^a
BMI in kg/m²	25.43 ± 3.12	25.29 ± 3.50	-0.322	0.748
BSA in m²	1.79 ± 0.20	1.75 ± 0.17	1.372	0.172

^aP < 0.05.

Data are presented as n (%) or mean ± standard deviation.

BMI: Body mass index; BSA: Body surface area.

Table 2 Comparison of the complications, drug history, and history of smoking and drinking between type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with and without colorectal polyps

Parameter	Polyp group	Non-polyp group	Chi-square value	P value
High blood pressure	94 (66.67)	49 (53.26)	4.421	0.054
CAD	36 (25.53)	17 (18.48)	1.576	0.209
Fatty liver	74 (52.48)	45 (48.91)	0.324	0.569
Atherosclerosis	110 (78.01)	65 (70.65)	2.833	0.002^a
Aspirin use	36 (25.53)	18 (19.57)	1.113	0.291
Statin use	88 (62.41)	59 (64.13)	0.071	0.790
Smoking	59 (41.84)	29 (31.52)	2.524	0.112
Drinking	49 (34.75)	29 (31.52)	0.261	0.610

^aP < 0.05. CAD: Coronary artery disease.

Table 3 Comparison of the serological and biochemistry data and indexes of cardiac function between type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with and without colorectal polyps

Parameter	Polyp group	Non-polyp group	t/chi-square/Z-value	P value
ALT in U/L	17.00 (12.25, 24.00)	18.00 (13.00, 26.00)	−0.558	0.577
AST in U/L	18.00 (15.00, 22.00)	18.00 (15.00, 22.00)	−0.009	0.993
TP in g/L	66.60 (61.75, 70.65)	66.20 (63.40, 71.10)	−0.715	0.475
Alb in g/L	40.47 ± 4.75	41.15 ± 3.52	1.181	0.239
UA in µmol/L	359.88 ± 100.63	348.97 ± 90.37	0.843	0.400
Cr in µmol/L	71.50 (59.00, 82.75)	65.00 (57.00, 76.00)	−2.132	0.033^a
TC in mmol/L	4.16 (3.51, 4.84)	4.23 (3.54, 4.70)	−0.451	0.652
TG in mmol/L	1.56 (1.14, 2.09)	1.52 (1.01, 2.22)	−0.004	0.997
HDL-C in mmol/L	1.09 ± 0.29	1.16 ± 0.25	1.869	0.063
LDL-C in mmol/L	2.63 ± 0.81	2.45 ± 0.76	1.682	0.094
eGFR in mL/min × 1.73 m²	88.23 (75.79, 97.76)	95.42 (81.07, 101.79)	−3.171	0.002^a
Urinary ACR in mg/g	7.48 (3.11, 21.47)	5.52 (3.34, 11.79)	−2.410	0.016^a
Ejection fraction in %	68.40 (64.45, 72.50)	68.30 (64.70, 73.45)	−0.102	0.919
E/A ratio	0.76 (0.64, 0.94)	0.79 (0.65, 0.93)	−0.504	0.614
CRP in mg/L	0.80 (0.50, 1.87)	0.70 (0.50, 1.90)	−0.394	0.693
HbA1C in %	6.80 (6.10, 7.50)	6.80 (6.48, 7.40)	−0.978	0.328
HOMA-IR score	2.64 (1.53, 4.08)	2.69 (1.70, 4.12)	−0.196	0.845

^aP < 0.05.

Data are presented as medians (P25, P75) or mean ± standard deviation.

Alb: Serum albumin; ALT: Alanine aminotransferase; AST: Aspartate aminotransferase; Cr: Serum creatinine; CRP: C-reactive protein; E/A ratio: Ratio of the maximum flow velocity of mitral valve in the early diastole of the left ventricle to that of the systolic mitral valve in the left atrium; eGFR: estimated Glomerular filtration rate; HbA1c: Glycosylated hemoglobin; HDL-C: High-density lipoprotein cholesterol; HOMA-IR: Homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance; LDL-C: Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; TC: Total cholesterol; TG: Triglyceride; TP: Serum total protein; UA: Serum uric acid; urinary ACR: Urinary microalbumin/creatinine ratio.

Table 4 Multivariate logistic regression analysis of colorectal polyps

Parameter	Odds ratio	95% Confidence interval	P value
Metformin	0.502	(0.365–0.689)	< 0.001^a
Age	1.033	(1.004–1.061)	0.023^a
LDL-C	1.440	(1.007–2.060)	0.046^a

^aP < 0.05. LDL-C: Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol.

Table 5 Comparison of colorectal polyps among the groups

Parameter	Patients with polyps	Patients without polyps	Chi-square test (Bonferroni correction)
Parameter	Patients with polyps	Patients without polyps	Chi-square value	P value
Type 2 DM-metformin Group	44 (40.70)	64 (59.30)¹^,²
Type 2 DM-non-metformin group	97 (77.60)	28 (22.40)	57.046	< 0.001^a
Non-type 2 DM group	102 (37.90)	167 (62.10)	0.196	0.658

^aP < 0.05.

¹Statistically significantly different from the non-metformin group.

²No significant differences were detected in the non-type 2 diabetes mellitus group. DM: Diabetes mellitus.

Data are presented as n (%).

Citation: Wu XQ, Deng LH, Xue Q, Li X, Li MH, Wang JT. Metformin administration in prevention of colorectal polyps in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. World J Clin Cases 2024; 12(20): 4206-4216
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/2307-8960/full/v12/i20/4206.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.12998/wjcc.v12.i20.4206