Evaluating the efficacy of percutaneous puncture biopsy guided by contrast-enhanced ultrasound for peripheral pulmonary lesions

Table 1 Demographic characteristics, lesion distribution and size in two groups, n (%)

	CEUS group	Control group	χ2/t value	P value
Age	68.0±11.0	68.1±9.6	0.095	0.93
Gender			0.001	0.96
Male	87 (73.7)	88 (73.9)
Female	31 (26.3)	31 (26.1)
Smoking history	68 (57.6)	69 (58)	0.001	0.96
Location			1.997	0.37
Upper leaf	44 (37)	42 (35.6)
Middle leaf	30 (25.2)	39 (33.1)
Lower leaf	45 (37.8)	37 (31.4)
Diameter (mm)	43.1 ± 15.8	42.0 ± 14.0	0.282	0.58
1-5 cm	83 (50.6)	81 (49.4)	0.143	0.71
≥ 5 cm	35 (47.9)	38 (52.1)

CEUS: Contrast-enhanced ultrasound.

Table 2 Pathological results of lung puncture biopsy of contrast-enhanced ultrasound group and control group, n (%)

	CEUS group	Control group	χ2 value	P value
Confirmed cases	113 (95.8)	107 (89.9)	3.042	0.081
Undiagnostic biopsy	5 (4.2)	12 (10.1)
Pathology results			7.93	0.541
Adenocarcinoma	60 (50.8)	52 (43.6)
Squamous cell carcinoma	26 (22.0)	19 (16.1)
Small cell carcinoma	4 (3.4)	4 (3.4)
Metastatic cancer	5 (4.2)	7 (5.9)
Pneumonia	10 (8.5)	13 (10.9)
Tuberculosis	1 (0.8)	0 (0)
Pulmonary fibrosis	2 (1.7)	4 (3.4)
Normal	2 (1.7)	2 (1.7)
Others	3 (2.5)	6 (5.0)

CEUS: Contrast-enhanced ultrasound.

Table 3 Comparison of diagnostic efficacy of ultrasound-guided puncture biopsy for lung lesions

	CEUS group	Control group	z value	P value
Total number (n = 237)	118	119
Sensitivity (95%CI)	94.7% (88.15-97.71)	89.5% (81.29-94.40)	1.093	0.274
Specificity (95%CI)	95.8% (79.76-99.79)	90.9% (76.43-96.86)	0.796	0.426
AUC (95%CI)	0.952 (0.896-0.983)	0.902 (0.835-0.949)	1.282	0.200
1-5 cm (n = 164)	83	81
Sensitivity (95%CI)	95.4% (87.47-98.76)	95.1% (86.71-98.68)	0.134	0.893
Specificity (95%CI)	94.1% (73.02-99.70)	94.7% (75.36-99.73)	0.081	0.936
AUC (95%CI)	0.949 (0.877-0.986)	0.947 (0.876-0.985)	0.037	0.970
≥ 5 cm (n = 73)	35	38
Sensitivity (95%CI)	92.8% (77.35-98.73)	75.0% (55.10-88.00)	1.178	0.075
Specificity (95%CI)	100% (64.57-100.0)	85.7% (60.06-97.46)	1.051	0.293
AUC (95%CI)	0.964 (0.840-0.998)	0.804 (0.643-0.914)	2.271	0.023

CEUS: Contrast-enhanced ultrasound; AUC: Area under the curve; CI: Confidence interval.

Table 4 Comparison of the number of needle biopsies in the contrast-enhanced ultrasound group and the control group

Groups	Cases	Total number of puncture cases	Average number of puncture cases
CEUS group	118	298	2.58 ± 0.53
Control group	119	345	2.90 ± 0.56
χ2/t value	-	-	4.567
P value	-	-	0.000

CEUS: Contrast-enhanced ultrasound.