Effects of Tongluo Jiedu prescription on immune function and oxidative stress in patients with oral cancer

Table 1 Comparison of baseline data between the observation and control groups

Variables	Classification/unit	Observation group (n = 40)	Control group (n = 4 0)	t/χ2	P value
Gender	Male	28	27	0.058	0.809
	Female	12	13
Age	yr	53.41 ± 14.67	54.32 ± 11.61	0.308	0.759
BMI	kg/m2	21.45 ± 2.76	21.17 ± 3.92	0.172	0.864
Other cancers	Yes	3	2	0.213	0.644
	No	37	38

BMI: Body mass index.

Table 2 Comparison of inflammatory stress levels before and after treatment (mean ± SD)

Indicators	Time	Observation group (n = 40)	Control group (n = 40)	t	P value
CRP (μg/L)	Before treatment	8.69 ± 2.14	9.17 ± 2.03	1.029	0.306
	After treatment	27.45 ± 5.92a	39.42 ± 7.84a	7.693	0.000
IL-6 (μg/L)	Before treatment	51.47 ± 11.64	50.03 ± 12.45	0.534	0.595
	After treatment	64.23 ± 13.29a	72.57 ± 15.23a	2.610	0.011
TNF-α (ng/L)	Before treatment	9.10 ± 1.87	8.84 ± 1.81	0.632	0.529
	After treatment	6.45 ± 1.22a	5.12 ± 1.16a	4.997	0.000

^aP < 0.05, compared with before treatment. CRP: C-reactive protein; IL-6: Interleukin-6; TNF-α: Tumor necrosis factor alpha.

Table 3 Comparison of T-cell subsets before and after treatment (mean ± SD)

Indicators	Time	Observation group (n = 40)	Control group (n = 40)	t	P value
CD4+ (%)	Before treatment	12.15 ± 2.41	11.63 ± 2.32	0.983	0.329
	After treatment	9.62 ± 2.21	8.86 ± 1.84	1.671	0.099
CD8+ (%)	Before treatment	3.41 ± 0.66	3.33 ± 0.64	0.550	0.584
	After treatment	4.45 ± 0.76a	5.17 ± 0.92a	3.816	0.000
CD4+/CD8+	Before treatment	3.52 ± 0.82	3.46 ± 0.75	0.341	0.734
	After treatment	2.54 ± 0.55a	1.97 ± 0.47a	4.983	0.000

^aP < 0.05, compared with before treatment.

Table 4 Comparison of immunoglobulin levels before and after treatment (mean ± SD, g/L)

Indicators	Time	Observation group (n = 40)	Control group (n = 40)	t	P value
IgA	Before treatment	2.81 ± 0.59	2.72 ± 0.55	0.706	0.483
	After treatment	2.46 ± 0.40a	1.92 ± 0.41a	5.962	0.000
IgG	Before treatment	10.57 ± 2.34	11.02 ± 2.28	0.871	0.386
	After treatment	7.64 ± 1.49a	5.51 ± 1.21a	7.018	0.000
IgM	Before treatment	1.02 ± 0.24	1.06 ± 0.22	0.777	0.440
	After treatment	0.71 ± 0.17a	0.52 ± 0.13a	5.615	0.000

^aP < 0.05, compared with before treatment.