Combining the age-male-albumin-bilirubin-platelets score and shear wave elastography stratifies carcinogenic risk in hepatitis C patients after viral clearance

Table 1 Patients’ baseline characteristics (n = 279)

Age (yr)	65.9 ± 12.8 (21-86)
Sex (male/female)	118/161
Genotype (1b/2a/2b/1a+2b/3a+3b/unknown)	121/54/25/1/2/26
Interferon (yes/no/unknown)	64/215/0
HCV RNA (LogIU/mL)	5.87 ± 0.91 (2.3-7.3)
ALT (IU/L)	71.6 ± 216.6 (4-497)
Total bilirubin (mg/dL)	0.86 ± 0.90 (0.05-9.0)
Alb (g/dL)	4.15 ± 0.39 (2.70-5.25)
WBC (104/mm3)	5.10 ± 1.72 (2.0-12.2)
Hb (g/dL)	13.7 ± 1.70 (8.3-18.1)
Plt (104/mm3)	17.2 ± 6.30 (4.4-40.4)
PT (%)	99.7 ± 18.3 (11.5-154.3)
AFP (ng/mL)	8.46 ± 16.27 (0.6-140.5)
Vs (m/s)	1.55 ± 0.25 (1.03-2.62)
Fib-4 index	3.41 ± 2.89 (0.23-22.0)
aMAP score	58.7 ± 8.6 (27.4-76.7)
Observation period (M)	33.8 ± 26.2 (6-85)
Hepatocellular carcinoma (Yes/No)	12/267

aMAP score: Age-male-albumin-bilirubin-platelets score; AFP: Alpha-fetoprotein; Alb: Serum albumin; Vs: Velocity of shear waves; Fib-4 index: Fibrosis-4 index; HCV: Hepatitis C virus; ALT: Alanine aminotransferase; GGT: γ-glutamyltransferase; WBC: White blood cell count; PT%: Prothrombin time; Plt: Platelet count.

Table 2 Clinical parameters in the medium and high-risk group at follow-up 12 (n = 237)

	Non-carcinogenic group (n = 225)	Carcinogenic group (n = 12)	P value
Age (yr)	69.4 ± 9.1 (43-89)	71.8 ± 9.1 (51-84)	0.3371
Sex (male/female)	99/126	6/6	0.6835
ALT (IU/L)	17.3 ± 11.6 (4-123)	27.5 ± 21.5 (12-79)	0.0166
Total bilirubin (mg/dL)	1.23 ± 5.22 (0.11-7.90)	0.87 ± 0.29 (0.50-1.50)	0.9500
Alb (g/dL)	4.31± 0.35 (3.15-5.40)	4.31 ± 0.32 (3.67-4.69)	0.7828
WBC (104/mm3)	5.18 ± 1.61 (2.10-15.40)	5.00 ± 1.92 (1.90-8.40)	0.7036
Hb (g/dL)	13.7 ± 1.7 (9.8-19.1)	14.3 ± 1.0 (12.8-16.1)	0.2212
Plt (104/mm3)	18.6 ± 6.4 (2.9-38.6)	13.8 ± 6.7 (6.4-25.5)	0.0136
PT% (%)	94.8 ± 19.4 (29.4-156.4)	92.9 ± 19.1 (66.4-143.4)	0.4051
AFP (ng/mL)	4.2 ± 7.4 (0.6-100.5)	7.1 ± 5.7 (2.4-21.0)	0.0049
Vs (m/s)	1.45 ± 0.23 (0.95-2.14)	1.69 ± 0.24 (1.45-2.31)	0.0011
Fib-4 index	2.77 ± 2.00 (0.80-19.29)	4.33 ± 2.27 (1.44-7.98)	0.0049
Observation period (M)	33.8 ± 26.5 (6-83)	41.7 ± 21.7 (8-73)	0.1982

ALT: Alanine aminotransferase; WBC: White blood cell count; Plt: Platelet count; Alb: Serum albumin; PT%: Prothrombin time; AFP: Alpha-fetoprotein; Vs: Velocity of shear waves; Fib-4 index: Fibrosis-4 index.

Table 3 Multiple regression analysis for hepatic carcinogenesis at follow-up 12

	β	SE (β)	stdβ	t value	P value
ALT	0.0028	0.0013	0.1265	1.7973	0.0738
Plt	-0.0001	0.0042	-0.0025	-0.0257	0.9795
AFP	0.0242	0.0022	0.0756	1.1189	0.2645
Vs	0.1670	0.0762	0.1686	2.1912	0.0296
Fib-4 index	0.0103	0.0109	0.0929	0.9455	0.3455

ALT: Alanine aminotransferase, Plt: Platelet count, AFP: Alpha-fetoprotein; Vs: Velocity of shear waves, Fib-4 index: Fibrosis-4 index.

Table 4 Clinical parameters in the patients with shear wave velocity less than the cut-off value at follow-up 12

No.	Age (yr)	Sex	BMI (kg/m2)	DM	ALT (IU/L)	Plt (104/mm3)	AFP (ng/mL)	aMAP score	Vs (m/s)	Fib-4 index	Observation period (M)
62	64	M	25.7	+	21	14.9	6.4	61.8	1.49	2.44	73
82	71	F	19.7	-	23	11	3.7	58.7	1.45	4.31	38
139	71	F	21.9	-	13	8.8	4.3	63.6	1.46	5.15	60

AFP: Alpha-fetoprotein; aMAP score: Age-male-albumin-bilirubin-platelets score; Vs: Velocity of shear waves; Fib-4 index: Fibrosis-4 index; BMI: Body mass index; DM: Diabetes mellitus; ALT: Alanine aminotransferase; Plt: Platelet count; Alb: Serum albumin.