Efficacy and safety of intravenous tranexamic acid in total shoulder arthroplasty: A meta-analysis

Table 1 Basic information of the studies included in the meta-analysis

Ref.	Country	Study design (LOE)	Sample		Average age, yr		Intervention		Surgery	Transfusion
			TXA	Placebo	TXA	Placebo	TXA	Placebo		TXA	Placeo
Cunningham et al[22], 2021	Switzerland	RCT (Level I)	31	29	72 ± 8	73 ± 9	TXA, 2 g, IV	An equivalent volume of NS, IV	TSA or RTSA	0	0
Cvetanovich et al[23], 2018	United States	RCT (Level I)	52	56	67.7 ± 10.9	65.2 ± 9.2	TXA, 1 g, IV	An equivalent volume of NS, IV	TSA	0	0
Pauzenberger et al[24], 2017	Austria	RCT (Level I)	27	27	70.3 ± 9.3	71.3 ± 7.9	100 mL NS infused with 1 g of TXA, IV	100 ml NS, IV	TSA or RTSA	0	0
Garcia et al[25], 2022	Portugal	RCT (Level I)	23	22	76.7 ± 7.1	75.7 ± 5.7	TXA, 1 g, IV	Without the TXA infusion	TSA or RTSA	3	2
Vara et al[26], 2017	United States	RCT (Level I)	53	49	67 ± 9	66 ± 9	TXA, 10 mg/kg, IV	An equivalent volume of NS, IV	RTSA	3	7

TXA: Tranexamic acid; NS: Normal saline; IV: Intravenous; LOE: Level of evidence; RCT: Randomized controlled trial; TSA: Total shoulder arthroplasty; RTSA: Reverse total shoulder arthroplasty.