Clinical observation of laparoscopic cholecystectomy combined with endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography or common bile duct lithotripsy

Table 1 Comparison of surgical conditions between the two groups

Groups	Treatment time (min)	Length of hospitalization (d)	One-time stone retrieval rate, n (%)
Research Group (n = 47)	97.64 ± 17.51	7.08 ± 1.82	46 (97.87)
Control group (n = 47)	119.62 ± 24.37	9.33 ± 2.29	45 (95.74)
χ2/t value	5.022	5.273	0.344
P value	0.000	0.000	0.556

Table 2 Comparison of recovery of gastrointestinal function between the two groups (mean ± SD, h)

Groups	Anal venting time	Time to start eating	Recovery time of bowel sounds	Defecation time
Research Group (n = 47)	25.02 ± 3.68	7.82 ± 3.44	16.56 ± 3.58	33.35 ± 6.07
Control group (n = 47)	28.29 ± 4.11	9.62 ± 4.09	18.94 ± 4.29	36.96 ± 7.11
t value	4.064	2.309	2.920	2.647
P value	0.000	0.023	0.004	0.010

Table 3 Comparison of liver function index levels before and after surgery between the two groups (mean ± SD)

Groups	DBIL (umol/L)	TBIL (umol/L)	ALT (U/L)
Pre-operative
Research Group (n = 47)	182.10 ± 82.33	258.62 ± 100.54	38.56 ± 7.18
Control group (n = 47)	178.89 ± 79.59	261.45 ± 96.77	40.04 ± 6.69
t value	0.198	0.139	1.034
P value	0.844	0.890	0.304
1 d after surgery
Research Group (n = 47)	93.37 ± 40.02a	156.98 ± 83.31a	26.83 ± 6.65a
Control group (n = 47)	111.51 ± 36.33a	191.03 ± 72.12a	30.13 ± 7.92a
t value	2.301	2.118	2.188
P value	0.024	0.037	0.031

^aP < 0.05 vs this group preoperatively.

DBIL: serum direct bilirubin; TBIL: total bilirubin; ALT: alanine aminotransferase.

Table 4 Comparison of stress response index levels before and after surgery between the two groups (mean ± SD)

Groups	ACTH (ng/ml)	COR (ng/ml)	A (nmol/L)	NE (nmol/L)
Pre-operative
Research Group (n = 47)	14.78 ± 2.28	126.67 ± 11.59	1.39 ± 0.15	3.68 ± 0.65
Control group (n = 47)	15.36 ± 2.35	130.68 ± 12.01	1.42 ± 0.12	3.83 ± 0.72
t value	1.214	1.647	1.071	1.060
P value	0.228	0.103	0.287	0.292
1 d after surgery
Research Group (n = 47)	6.19 ± 2.05a	91.79 ± 10.44a	0.71 ± 0.24a	1.41 ± 0.51a
Control group (n = 47)	8.68 ± 3.88a	105.32 ± 11.65a	0.96 ± 0.37a	2.21 ± 0.73a
t value	3.890	5.929	3.886	6.159
P value	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000

^aP < 0.05 vs this group preoperatively.

ACTH: Serum adrenocorticotrophic; COR: Cortisol; A: Epinephrine; NE: Norepinephrine.

Table 5 Comparison of complications between the two groups, n (%)

Groups	Hemorrhage	Biliary tract infection	Bile leak	Pancreatitis	Total incidence
Research Group (n = 47)	0 (0.00)	1 (2.13)	0 (0.00)	2 (4.26)	3 (6.38)
Control group (n = 47)	5 (10.64)	3 (6.38)	1 (2.13)	1 (2.13)	10 (21.28)
χ2 value					4.374
P value					0.036