Orthodontic treatment combined with 3D printing guide plate implant restoration for edentulism and its influence on mastication and phonic function

Table 1 Comparison of the general data between the groups

Group	Sex (male/female)	Dentition defects (full mouth/upper/lower)	Body mass index (kg/m2)	Age (yr)
Control group (n = 43)	20/23	8/12/23	24.83 ± 2.24	45.60 ± 3.26
Intervention group (n = 43)	22/21	9/18/16	24.97 ± 2.22	45.74 ± 4.37
χ2/t value	0.186	2.515	0.291	0.168
P value	0.667	0.284	0.772	0.867

Table 2 Comparison of the treatment effect between the groups, n (%)

Group	Significantly effective	Effective	Ineffective	Overall response rate
Control group (n = 43)	15 (34.88)	20 (46.51)	8 (18.60)	35 (81.40)
Intervention group (n = 43)	25 (58.14)	16 (37.21)	2 (4.65)	41 (95.35)
χ2/U value	2.391			4.071
P value	0.014			0.044

Table 3 Comparison of the cosmetic appearance between the groups, n (%)

Group	Neatly trimmed cosmetic appearance	Complete coverage	Normal occlusion
Control group (n = 43)	30 (69.77)	29 (67.44)	25 (58.14)
Intervention group (n = 43)	38 (88.37)	37 (86.05)	35 (81.40)
χ2 value	4.497	4.170	5.512
P value	0.034	0.041	0.019

Table 4 Comparison of the dental function between the groups (mean ± SD)

Group	Masticatory function		Swallowing function		Phonic function
	Before	After	Before	After	Before	After
Control group (n = 43)	1.91 ± 0.29	3.09 ± 0.43	2.65 ± 0.48	3.63 ± 0.54	2.56 ± 0.98	3.26 ± 0.98
Intervention group (n = 43)	1.98 ± 0.27	3.37 ± 0.49	2.67 ± 0.47	3.86 ± 0.41	2.58 ± 0.59	3.97 ± 0.64
t value	1.154	2.821	0.225	2.255	0.133	4.052
P value	0.252	0.006	0.822	0.027	0.894	0.000

Table 5 Comparison of the implant deviations in the three-dimensional plane between the groups (mean ± SD)

Group	Top (mm)	Middle (mm)	Angle (°)
Control group (n = 43)	1.66 ± 0.97	1.51 ± 0.28	2.95 ± 1.23
Intervention group (n = 43)	0.54 ± 0.34	0.43 ± 0.15	1.78 ± 0.69
t value	7.122	22.295	5.440
P value	0.000	0.000	0.000

Table 6 Comparison of the quality of life between the groups (mean ± SD)

Group	Functional limitation		Physiological pain and discomfort		Psychological and social		Total score
	Before	After	Before	After	Before	After	Before	After
Control group (n = 43)	3.70 ± 1.52	1.70 ± 0.96	2.37 ± 1.57	1.21 ± 0.41	3.26 ± 1.54	1.56 ± 0.98	9.33 ± 2.54	4.47 ± 1.32
Intervention group (n = 43)	3.74 ± 1.38	1.21 ± 0.68	2.33 ± 1.32	0.65 ± 0.48	3.21 ± 1.77	1.09 ± 0.75	9.28 ± 2.48	2.95 ± 1.11
t value	0.148	2.721	0.148	5.773	0.130	2.466	0.086	5.755
P value	0.882	0.008	0.882	0.000	0.897	0.016	0.932	0.000